Earth & Space Science - Unit 4: Rocks and Minerals

The constructive and destructive geologic processes associated with the formation of the Pyrites Complex include which of the following?

• Sedimentation and erosion

• Volcanic activity and weathering

• Metamorphism and deposition

• Folding and faulting

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of the following statements is true?

• Quartzite is formed from lower marble.

• The ocean floor continues to form and widens.

• Faults move granite beneath the ocean basin.

• Divergence causes the ocean to become narrower and shallower.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Explain why drilling 12 km into Earth is considered studying Earth at a large spatial scale, even though it is extremely small compared to Earth’s total thickness of 6371 km. Use the scale model in your response.

• Because 12 km is a large distance compared to what humans can directly access, even though it is small compared to Earth's total thickness.

• Because 12 km is almost half of Earth's total thickness.

• Because 12 km is the deepest humans have ever drilled, making it a small spatial scale.

• Because Earth's total thickness is not relevant when considering drilling depth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

At 3 km deep, biotite and quartz were found. The difference in this property between mica and quartz is:

• Mica has perfect cleavage, while quartz does not.

• Quartz is softer than mica.

• Mica is more transparent than quartz.

• Quartz has a layered structure like mica.

The movement of the tectonic plates shown in the model is driven by convection currents. Which statement best describes the transfer of energy and matter in this process?

• a. Heat moves from the crust to the core, causing density to increase.

• b. Denser, cooler mantle material sinks, while less dense, hotter material rises.

• c. The mantle remains solid and stationary, transferring heat only through radiation.

• d. Radioactive decay in the crust forces the mantle downward.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What is the mineral composition of surface lava flow?

• Olivine, Pyroxene, Plagioclase feldspar

• Quartz, Calcite, Muscovite

• Halite, Gypsum, Dolomite

• Biotite, Amphibole, Garnet

What is the texture of shallow intrusion rock samples?

• Medium-grained

• Fine-grained

• Glassy

• Coarse-grained

The data table indicates that the rock from the Surface lava flow contains Olivine, Pyroxene, and Plagioclase feldspar. The Mineral Composition of this igneous rock indicates that this igneous rock is most likely?

• Granite

• Andesite

• Basalt

• Rhyolite

Using evidence from the rock samples, identify the statement that correctly describes the rock formed in the Deep magma chamber compared to the rock formed at the surface.

• It has a larger crystal size and a lower density.

• It has a larger crystal size and a higher density.

• It has a smaller crystal size and a lower density.

• It has a smaller crystal size and a higher density.

As the magma in the chamber at Location A begins to cool from 1300°C to 1000°C, which mineral would be the first to crystallize and settle to the bottom of the chamber?

• Quartz

• Olivine

• Potassium Feldspar

• Biotite Mica