Greenhouse Effect

Explain how energy from the Sun reaches the Earth and describe the role of electromagnetic radiation in this process.

• Energy from the Sun reaches the Earth primarily through conduction.

• Energy from the Sun reaches the Earth primarily through electromagnetic radiation.

• Energy from the Sun reaches the Earth primarily through convection.

• Energy from the Sun reaches the Earth primarily through nuclear reactions.

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Analyze how the albedo effect influences the Earth's climate and provide examples of surfaces with high and low albedo.

• High albedo surfaces absorb more sunlight, warming the Earth.

• Low albedo surfaces reflect more sunlight, cooling the Earth.

• High albedo surfaces reflect more sunlight, cooling the Earth.

• Low albedo surfaces absorb less sunlight, warming the Earth.

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Discuss the role of conduction and convection in the transfer of heat on the Earth's surface and provide examples of each.

• Conduction involves the movement of heat through fluids, while convection involves heat transfer through solids.

• Conduction involves heat transfer through direct contact, while convection involves the movement of heat through fluids.

• Conduction and convection both involve heat transfer through radiation.

• Conduction and convection are unrelated to heat transfer on Earth.

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Evaluate the impact of different surfaces (ice, deserts, oceans, forests) on the Earth's albedo and climate.

• Deserts have a higher albedo than ice, reflecting more sunlight.

• Oceans have a higher albedo than forests, reflecting more sunlight.

• Ice has a higher albedo than forests, reflecting more sunlight.

• Forests have a higher albedo than ice, reflecting more sunlight.

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Explain the mechanisms of the greenhouse effect and how it contributes to global warming.

• The greenhouse effect is caused by the reflection of sunlight by clouds.

• The greenhouse effect is caused by the absorption and re-emission of infrared radiation by greenhouse gases.

• The greenhouse effect is caused by the direct heating of the Earth's surface by the Sun.

• The greenhouse effect is caused by the cooling of the Earth's surface at night.

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Identify the wavelengths of light involved in the greenhouse effect and explain their significance.

• Ultraviolet light is primarily involved in the greenhouse effect.

• Visible light is primarily involved in the greenhouse effect.

• Infrared light is primarily involved in the greenhouse effect.

• X-rays are primarily involved in the greenhouse effect.

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NGSS.HS-PS4-3

Analyze the role of different molecules in the greenhouse effect and their impact on Earth's temperature.

• Oxygen and nitrogen are the primary greenhouse gases.

• Carbon dioxide and methane are the primary greenhouse gases.

• Argon and neon are the primary greenhouse gases.

• Helium and hydrogen are the primary greenhouse gases.

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Discuss how changes in the Earth's albedo could affect global temperatures and climate patterns.

• An increase in Earth's albedo would lead to higher global temperatures.

• A decrease in Earth's albedo would lead to lower global temperatures.

• An increase in Earth's albedo would lead to lower global temperatures.

• Changes in Earth's albedo have no effect on global temperatures.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

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Evaluate the effectiveness of different strategies to reduce the greenhouse effect and mitigate climate change.

• Increasing the use of fossil fuels is an effective strategy.

• Reducing deforestation and increasing reforestation are effective strategies.

• Increasing industrial emissions is an effective strategy.

• Reducing the use of renewable energy sources is an effective strategy.

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Explain how the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing infrared radiation affects Earth's climate.

• An increase in outgoing infrared radiation leads to global warming.

• A decrease in incoming solar radiation leads to global warming.

• A balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing infrared radiation maintains Earth's climate.

• An increase in incoming solar radiation leads to global cooling.

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