Earth Science U3 Test 25/26

The diagram shows a chain of hotspot volcanoes on the Pacific Ocean labelled A, B, C, and D. The arrow shows the direction of movement of the tectonic plate. Choose the volcano that was formed first and is the oldest.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Read the statements and put them under the correct category.

Groups:

(a) Advantages of Artificial Selection

,

(b) Disadvantages of Artificial Selection

,

(c) Impact of Natural Selection

• Resulted in millions of species to exist on Earth

• The amount of genetic variation is reduced

• The process is much faster than allowing nature to select for the fittest organisms

• The desirable trait is not always expressed

• Can produce different types of dogs and farm animals with desirable traits

• Responsible for differences in the mockingbirds found on the Galapagos islands

A type of rock known as sedimentary rock can be represented by which food item? Draw an X on the correct image.

When animals die, the soft parts decompose and the hard parts are left behind and become buried by sediments. This is why fossils are found in ______ rocks.

(a)  

• sedimentary
• igneous
• metamorphic
• crystalline
• molten

According to Darwin's Theory of Evolution, how do new species evolve?

• Selective breeding

• Natural selection

• Unnatural selection

• Artificial breeding

Select the best answer below which explains the difference between Weathering and Erosion.

• Weathering is the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces, while erosion is the movement of these pieces from one place to another.

• Weathering is a slow process, while erosion is a fast process.

• Weathering is caused by wind, while erosion is caused by only water.

• Weathering only affects rocks and minerals, while erosion affects rocks, minerals and soil.

Which of the following is a discontinuous variation in people?

• Blood group (A, B, AB, O)

• Height

• Weight

• Hand span

The Himalayas were formed by the collision of two major plates, the Indian and the Eurasian plates. What is this type of boundary called?

• Divergent boundary

• Transform plate boundary

• Hot spot

• Convergent boundary

Volcanoes are classified according to how active they are. Match each type with an example.

• Huascarán (highest mountain in Peru)

• Extinct Volcano

• Mt. Sakurajima (last erupted in July 2022)

• Active Volcano

• Mt Vesuvius (last erupted in March 1944)

• Dormant Volcano

Scientists refer to 'magma' as molten rock that is found underground. What do we call molten rock that has risen to the surface?

• Igneous rocks

• Lava

• Cone

• Magma chamber