APUSH 6.4 – The New South Quiz

Advocates of the “New South,” such as Henry Grady, most strongly supported which of the following goals?

• Restoring plantation agriculture based on enslaved labor

• Expanding industrialization and economic diversification

• Promoting federal control over Southern state governments

• Encouraging mass immigration from Europe

Which of the following developments best demonstrates continuity rather than change in the Southern economy after Reconstruction?

• Growth of textile mills in the Piedmont region

• Expansion of railroad networks

• Dependence on cotton production

• Increased urbanization in Southern cities

Sharecropping and tenant farming in the late nineteenth century primarily resulted in:

• Economic independence for formerly enslaved people

• Rapid industrial growth in rural areas

• A cycle of debt for poor farmers

• Equal access to land ownership

Which group benefited the most economically from the rise of the New South?

• Formerly enslaved African Americans

• Poor white farmers

• Northern investors and Southern industrialists

• Populist reformers

The establishment of Jim Crow laws in the South after Reconstruction was primarily intended to:

• Promote economic equality

• Reinforce white supremacy and racial segregation

• Encourage African American political participation

• Reduce regional tensions between North and South

Supreme Court decisions such as Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) contributed to the New South by:

• Ending racial discrimination nationwide

• Limiting states’ rights

• Legitimizing segregation laws

• Expanding voting rights

Which of the following best explains why industrial jobs in the New South did not significantly improve conditions for African Americans?

• African Americans refused industrial employment

• Wages were high but jobs were scarce

• Segregation and discrimination limited opportunities

• Federal laws prevented African Americans from working

Southern political leaders after Reconstruction most commonly sought to:

• Expand the power of the federal government

• Maintain Democratic Party dominance

• Promote Populist reforms

• Support Radical Republican policies

The New South’s emphasis on industrial growth most directly reflected which broader national trend?

• The rise of isolationism

• Expansion of agrarian reform movements

• Rapid industrialization during the Gilded Age

• Growth of religious revivalism

Which of the following would a historian most likely use as evidence that the New South failed to fully transform Southern society?

• Increased production of steel and textiles

• Continued racial violence and disenfranchisement

• Expansion of public education

• Growth of Southern cities