Arctic Feedback Loops Lesson 2: Earth’s Energy Budget:

Which statement best defines Earth’s energy budget?

• Sum of chemical energy in rocks

• Balance of incoming and outgoing energy

• Total sunlight reaching the equator

• Amount of heat stored in oceans

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

Which source provides most energy to Earth’s system?

• Human technology generating electricity

• Volcanoes emitting thermal radiation

• The Sun emitting shortwave radiation

• Earth’s core releasing magma heat

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Shortwave energy from the Sun is primarily

• Long radio frequency radiation

• Microwave background waves

• Infrared thermal emission

• Visible and ultraviolet radiation

Longwave energy in Earth’s budget refers to

• Infrared heat emitted by Earth

• Gamma rays from the Sun

• Ultraviolet light scattering

• Visible light reflected by clouds

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What happens to incoming shortwave energy at Earth’s surface and atmosphere?

• It converts to chemical energy

• It always escapes to space

• It only heats Earth’s core

• It can be absorbed or reflected

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which process increases Earth’s temperature after absorption of sunlight?

• Emission of longwave infrared

• Instant reflection of shortwave

• Formation of magnetic fields

• Conversion to sound waves

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

If more energy enters than leaves, the energy budget is

• Imbalanced, leading to warming

• Unrelated to temperature trends

• Perfectly balanced, no change

• Imbalanced, causing cooling

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

Clouds can affect Earth’s energy budget by

• Reflecting shortwave sunlight

• Generating geothermal energy

• Blocking Earth’s magnetic field

• Absorbing gamma radiation

Which pair correctly matches energy type with typical source?

• Shortwave—Oceans; Longwave—Jupiter

• Shortwave—Earth; Longwave—Sun

• Shortwave—Sun; Longwave—Earth

• Shortwave—Volcanoes; Longwave—Moon

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Why might the Arctic warm faster than the global average in an energy budget context?

• Regional budget imbalance increases net gain

• Extra sunlight from polar night strengthens heating

• Earth emits less longwave there permanently

• Shortwave never reflects off ice surfaces

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6