Benchmark 2 Study Guide Review

In a food web, which organism breaks down dead plants and animals to return nutrients to the soil?

• Producer

• Decomposer

• Primary consumer

• Secondary consumer

What is the primary source of energy in most food chains?

• Consumers

• Decomposers

• Sun

• Water

What would most likely happen if all the producers were removed from an ecosystem?

• Consumers would adapt to eat decomposers

• The ecosystem would continue to function normally

• The ecosystem would collapse as energy flow is disrupted

• Decomposers would become producers

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

• Energy can be created

• Energy can be destroyed

• Energy can change forms, but the total stays the same

• Energy only exists as potential or kinetic

A metal spoon feels warm after sitting in a pot of hot soup. Which best explains this?

• Heat moved through conduction

• Heat moved through convection

• Heat moved through radiation

• Heat moved by insulation

What best describes the transformation of energy that occurs as the skier moves down the hill? The picture shows three positions labeled A at the top of the hill, B midway down, and C near the bottom.

• Skier A has the most kinetic energy

• Skier B has used all their gravitational potential energy and is now creating kinetic energy

• Skier B has used all their potential and kinetic energy and is slowing to a stop

• Skier C has the least potential energy and the greatest amount of kinetic energy

What happens to the total energy of a roller coaster as it moves down a hill?

• Total energy increases

• Total energy decreases

• Total energy remains the same

• Total energy disappears

Analyze the picture below. Which explanation best describes how heat will transfer to reach equilibrium? The picture shows two test tubes: one labeled warmer object and the other labeled cooler object, each with a thermometer.

• Heat will transfer from the cooler test tube to the warmer test tube until the two tubes have reached equilibrium

• Heat will transfer from the warmer test tube to the cooler and back until the two tubes have reached equilibrium

• Heat will transfer from the cooler test tube to the warm and back until the two tubes have reached equilibrium

• Heat will transfer from the warmer test tube to the cooler test tube until the two tubes have reached equilibrium

Which of the following answer choices correctly identifies the types of heat transfer in the diagram? The diagram shows a pot heated by a flame with arrows labeled 1, 2, and 3. Use the table: A—Radiation: 1, Conduction: 2, Convection: 3; B—Radiation: 2, Conduction: 3, Convection: 1; C—Radiation: 3, Conduction: 2, Convection: 1; D—Radiation: 3, Conduction: 1, Convection: 2.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which type of energy is stored in a stretched rubber band?

• Gravitational potential

• Elastic potential

• Kinetic

• Thermal