Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Energy Pyramid

• a model that shows the flow of energy from one trophic, or feeding, level to the next in an ecosystem.

• a diagram that represents the number of organisms at each trophic level.

• a chart that illustrates the types of energy sources in an ecosystem.

• a representation of the biomass at each level of the food chain.

Cellular Respiration

• The process by which cells break down glucose and other molecules to release energy in the form of ATP.

• A method of photosynthesis in plants to convert sunlight into energy.

• The process of converting carbon dioxide into glucose during the night.

• A mechanism for storing energy in the form of starch.

Energy Transfer

• Energy is created from nothing and transferred to objects.

• Energy moves from one object or place to another, often changing forms.

• Energy can only be transferred through conduction.

• Energy is always lost during transfer.

Organelle

• a tiny organ inside a cell, a specialized structure that performs a specific job

• a type of tissue that connects different organs

• a fluid-filled sac within a cell

• a structure that provides energy to the cell

Matter

• anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)

• a substance that can be seen but not touched

• a form of energy that can be converted into mass

• a type of chemical reaction that produces heat

Chlorophyll

• A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria, essential for photosynthesis.

• A type of carbohydrate that provides energy to plants.

• A protein that helps in the absorption of water in plants.

• A mineral that aids in the growth of plants.

Organisms

• any individual living thing, like an animal, plant, fungus, or bacteria, that grows, uses energy, reproduces, and responds to its environment, made of one or more cells.

• a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function.

• a non-living entity that can affect living organisms.

• a collection of similar organisms that can interbreed.

Chloroplast

• An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs.

• A type of cell that stores energy in animals.

• A structure that helps in the movement of cells.

• An organelle responsible for cellular respiration.

Atmosphere

• Earth's protective blanket of gases, held by gravity, that gives us air to breathe, creates weather, traps heat to keep us warm, and blocks harmful sun rays.

• A layer of clouds that only exists in the upper atmosphere and does not affect weather.

• A collection of gases that is only present during the day and disappears at night.

• A thin layer of dust that surrounds the Earth and has no significant impact on life.

Food Web

• A simple chain of organisms that eat one another.

• A complex network of feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.

• A diagram showing the energy flow in a single species.

• A list of all the organisms in a specific habitat.