DH 228 Oral Pathology Hesi Remediation Quizs #1

Pericoronitis is most often associated with:

• Maxillary second molars

• Mandibular third molars

• Mandibular first molars

• Maxillary canines

Answer explanation

Pericoronitis is most commonly associated with the mandibular third molars due to their position and the difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene, leading to inflammation of the gum tissue around the tooth.

Which developmental anomaly is best characterized by abnormal root angulation?

• Gemination

• Dilaceration

• Concrescence

• Fusion

Answer explanation

Dilaceration is characterized by abnormal root angulation due to trauma or developmental issues, leading to a sharp bend in the root. This distinguishes it from gemination, fusion, and concrescence, which involve different dental anomalies.

A condition present at birth is described as:

• Congenital

• Inherited

• Anomaly

• Developmental

Answer explanation

A condition present at birth is termed 'congenital.' This term specifically refers to abnormalities or conditions that are present from birth, distinguishing them from those that are inherited or develop later.

Treponema pallidum is the causative agent of:

• Tuberculosis

• Actinomycosis

• Syphilis

• Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

Answer explanation

Treponema pallidum is a bacterium specifically known to cause syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection. It is not responsible for tuberculosis, actinomycosis, or necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.

Which condition following streptococcal infection may lead to heart valve damage?

• Scarlet fever

• Rheumatic fever

• Strawberry tongue

• Geographic tongue

Answer explanation

Rheumatic fever is a complication of streptococcal infection that can lead to inflammation of the heart, potentially causing damage to the heart valves. This condition is distinct from scarlet fever and tongue conditions.

In type I hypersensitivity, which mediator released from mast cells drives immediate symptoms?

• Interleukin-2

• Interferon-gamma

• Histamine

• Complement C3b

Answer explanation

In type I hypersensitivity, histamine is the key mediator released from mast cells, causing immediate symptoms like itching, swelling, and bronchoconstriction. Other options do not play a direct role in these immediate reactions.

The most common supernumerary tooth is the:

• Distomolar

• Third premolar

• Mesiodens

• Paramolar

Answer explanation

The mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth, typically located between the central incisors. Other options like distomolar and paramolar are less common, making mesiodens the correct answer.

A patient presents with transient wheals and pruritus after exposure to a trigger. The most accurate classification is:

• Developmental anomaly

• Immediate hypersensitivity reaction

• Genetic mucocutaneous disease

• Primary immunodeficiency

Answer explanation

The patient's transient wheals and pruritus after exposure to a trigger indicate an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, commonly known as an allergic reaction, rather than a developmental anomaly or other conditions.

Primary syphilis classically manifests intraorally as a:

• Multiple papillomatous growths

• Painful aphthous ulcer

• Necrotizing pseudomembrane

• Indurated chancre lesion

Answer explanation

Primary syphilis is characterized by the presence of an indurated chancre lesion, which is a firm, painless ulcer that appears at the site of infection. This distinguishes it from other oral lesions.

Radiographic identification of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia in its early stage would most likely show:

• Dense radiopaque focus

• Uniform radiolucent area

• Alternating opaque-lucent pattern

• Diffuse cotton-wool appearance

Answer explanation

In the early stage of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia, radiographs typically show a uniform radiolucent area, indicating the presence of the condition before any calcification occurs.