Unit 3: Westward Expansion Test

Which of the following was the primary motivation for President Thomas Jefferson to purchase the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803?

• To gain control of the valuable silver mines in the western mountains.
• To secure permanent access to the port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River.
• To establish a military alliance with Spain against Great Britain.
• To prevent the expansion of Russian trading posts in the Pacific Northwest.

The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) was mainly sent to achieve what goal?

• To find and establish permanent trade routes with the Spanish colonies in California.
• To map the new Louisiana Territory, study its resources, and find a water route to the Pacific Ocean.
• To deliver goods and supplies to the French settlers still living in the territory.
• To negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain to end the impressment of U.S. sailors.

What term describes the 19th-century belief that the United States was destined by God to expand its dominion and spread democracy across the entire North American continent?

• Isolationism
• Nationalism
• Manifest Destiny
• Sectionalism

Which of the following was the most significant *effect* of the Louisiana Purchase on the United States?

• It forced the country to adopt a new national currency.
• It immediately led to the end of slavery throughout the territory.
• It dramatically increased the size of the United States.
• It resulted in an immediate declaration of war against Great Britain.

Which event is best known for inspiring the words of the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner"?

• The Battle of New Orleans
• The burning of Washington D.C.
• The bombardment of Fort McHenry during the War of 1812
• The signing of the Treaty of Ghent

The **Indian Removal Act** of 1830 led directly to which of the following actions?

• The voluntary relocation of Native American tribes to reservations in the East.
• The forced relocation of several Native American tribes from their ancestral homes in the Southeast to lands west of the Mississippi River.
• The creation of new, sovereign Native American nations within U.S. borders.
• The establishment of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to promote Native American cultural practices.

The **Trail of Tears** refers to the forced journey and devastating consequences for which group of people?

• Chinese immigrants building the Transcontinental Railroad.
• Mexican settlers forced out of Texas after the revolution.
• Southern enslaved people escaping to the North.
• Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek), Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw nations.

The **Battle of the Alamo** (1836) was a key event in the fight for the independence of which U.S. territory or state?

• Florida
• Oregon
• Texas
• California

Thousands of pioneers risked the long and dangerous journey along the **Oregon Trail** primarily because they were seeking what?

• A quick route to the newly discovered gold mines in the Appalachian Mountains.
• Cheap, fertile land and new economic opportunities in the Pacific Northwest.
• A chance to serve in a new branch of the U.S. military.
• An escape from the harsh winter weather in the Southern states.

The discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill in 1848 triggered a massive migration known as the **California Gold Rush**. A key *social* effect of this event was:

• A sharp decrease in the number of U.S. citizens moving West.
• An increase in racial and ethnic diversity in California due to global migration.
• A shift of political power back to the eastern states.
• The peaceful transfer of land ownership to Native American tribes.