Mass Affects Force: Fundamentals

Students are investigating the amount of force different objects of the same shape apply to the ground when dropped from the same distance above the ground. They create the following data table. Predict which object has the greatest mass and explain your thinking.

• Object 3 has the greatest mass because the force was the least.

• Object 4 has the greatest mass because the force was the greatest.

• Object 1 has the greatest mass because the force was mid range.

• Object 2 has the greatest mass because the force was not the smallest or largest.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

An 8 kg bowling ball and a 1 kg volleyball are rolled down a bowling alley in the same position with the same acceleration (4 m/s2). Which ball will knock over the most pins?

• The 1 kg bowling ball will knock over the most pins because it has a force of 4 N.

• The 8 kg bowling ball will knock over the most pins because it has a force of 32 N.

• The 1 kg volleyball will knock over the least pins because it has the least mass.

• The 8kg bowling ball will knock over the least pins because it has the most mass.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A student plans to drop an 8 kg bowling ball and a 1 kg volleyball from a bridge 20 m off of the ground. The student claimed that gravity will make the bowling ball fall faster than the volleyball. Assume air resistance for both objects is the same. Explain whether the student’s claim is supported or not supported.

• The claim is not supported. The objects will hit the ground at the same time because the objects are balanced with no outside force acting on them.

• The claim is supported. The objects will hit the ground at different times because the bowling ball has a greater mass.

• The claim is not supported. The objects will hit the ground at the same time because acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s/s for all objects.

• The claim is supported. The objects will hit the ground at different times because the holes in the bowling ball will catch the air slowing it down.

How much force is needed to accelerate a 66 kg skier at 2 m/s/s?

• 33 N

• 66 N

• 2 N

• 132 N

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

What is the acceleration of a 50 kg cabinet pushed with a force of 500 N?

• 10 m/s/s

• 500 m/s/s

• 50 m/s/s

• 5 m/s/s

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A bowling ball rolled with a force of 15 N accelerates at a rate of 5 m/s/s.

• 30 kg

• 0.33 kg

• 3 kg

• 75 kg

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Using the Set A, B, and C data tables in your packet, the push car experiences the same force while mass increases from 2 kg to 3 kg to 4 kg. Which statement best describes how mass affects acceleration in these trials?

• Direct relationship because mass increases and acceleration also increases.

• Direct relationship because mass increases and force increases together.

• Inverse relationship because mass increases and acceleration decreases.

• Inverse relationship because mass decreases and acceleration decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

With mass held constant at 4 kg, compare Sets D, E, and F in your packet where force increases from 10 N to 20 N to 30 N. What relationship between force and acceleration is supported by the data?

• Direct relationship because both force and acceleration decrease.

• Inverse relationship because force increases and acceleration stays constant.

• Inverse relationship because force increases and acceleration decreases.

• Direct relationship because both force and acceleration increase.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

What force is acting on the cat at the end?

• Gravity

• Friction

• Momentum

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

What keeps the Moon in orbit around Earth?

• Earth's rotation.
• Earth's atmosphere.
• Earth's gravity.
• Earth's shape.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2