Multiple Choice: In the context of human resource management, human capital refers to the

organization's employees, which add economic value to the company.

wages, benefits, and other costs incurred in support of HR functions in an organization.

cash, equipment, technology, and facilities that an organization uses.

tax-deferred value of an employee's 401(k) plan.

total budget allocated to the HR department in an organization.

Daniel, the director of operations, strongly believes that human resource management (HRM) is critical to the success of organizations. Melissa, the CFO of the organization, opposes Daniel’s view because she thinks HRM is an unnecessary expense for the company. Which of the following statements weakens Melissa’s belief?

HRM is indispensable for building a competitive advantage.

HRM is highly substitutable and interchangeable.

HRM is easily available for all companies to utilize.

HRM helps an organization imitate human resources at a high-performing competitor.

HRM ensures that persons with high levels of the needed skills and knowledge are easily found.

In terms of business strategy, an organization can succeed if it has a sustainable competitive advantage (is better than competitors at something and can hold that advantage over a sustained period of time). Human resources that are valuable, rare, inimitable, and hard to replace will give a company such an advantage. How do human resources professionals provide an organization with a sustainable competitive advantage?

They hire high-quality employees who provide a needed service as they perform many critical functions.

They manage commonly available resources.

They help the organization do what competitors are doing.

They keep the organization focused on the short term.

They hire employees who are very enthusiastic despite lacking job experience and training.

Mega Homes wants to expand rapidly by building homes in major markets throughout the United States. Which of the following forecasts by the Bureau of Labor Statistics presents the most significant challenge to rapid expansion?

a slowing growth rate for the U.S. civilian labor force

whites continuing be the largest racial group

more women participating in the paid labor force

Asian-Americans being the fastest-growing racial group

greater racial and ethnic diversity

Identify the correct statement regarding the composition of the U.S. labor force during the projected 2014–2024 period.

Despite a small increase in the number of young workers, the overall workforce will be aging.

The labor force is expected to grow at a greater rate than at any other time in U.S. history.

The largest proportion of the labor force is expected to be in the 16- to 25-year age group.

The segment of the workforce nearing retirement age will hold steady.

The total workforce of the United States will considerably decrease.

Anne, a business researcher, believes that organizations will have to spend a lot of money on employee health care in the future. Her colleague Nick argues that organizations will not have to increase their spending on employee health care benefits. Which of the following statements weakens Nick’s argument?

The fastest-growing share of the workforce is at least 55 years old.

The labor force is expected to grow at a greater rate by 2024 than at any other time in U.S. history.

The largest proportion of the labor force is expected to be in the 16- to 25-year age group.

The fastest-growing age group is workers 16–25, who are prone to having accidents.

The total cost of labor in the United States will decrease considerably in the near future.

In high-tech industries, such as computer software development, employers press the federal government for immigration laws that allow for a greater supply of foreign-born workers. What is the main reason these companies cite for that effort?

Qualified technical workers are scarce in the United States.

There is a lack of adequate technology in the United States.

Undocumented immigrants work harder than U.S. citizens.

U.S. workers do not want this physically demanding work.

The size of the U.S. workforce is declining.

____ granted all persons the same property rights as white citizens, as well as the right to enter into and enforce contracts.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act

Jonathan and Nicole hold the same position at an organization. However, Jonathan is paid more than Nicole. According to the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which of the following will strengthen the fact that the pay difference is a legal one?

Jonathan works the night shift.

Jonathan is more skilled than Nicole because he is a male.

Nicole is not an American citizen.

Jonathan is younger than Nicole.

Which of the following is true about Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

The act applies to organizations with 15 or more employees.

The act permits employers to hire job applicants belonging exclusively to a particular nationality.

The act permits employers to retaliate against employees participating in a proceeding against an employer.

The act protects employers from an employee’s opposition to an alleged illegal employment practice.

The act permits employers to hire an individual based on his or her gender and race in the absence of a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ).

Which of the following represents an act of participation in a proceeding?

removing a whistleblower from employment

implementing affirmative action measures

expressing dissatisfaction over employment casually

retaliating against a whistleblower

Define the term labor force by distinguishing between the internal labor force and the external labor market. Which statement best reflects the distinction?

The internal labor force consists of an organization's employees and people with contracts to work at the organization, whereas the external labor market consists of individuals actively seeking employment.

The internal labor force consists of job applicants outside the organization, whereas the external labor market consists of current employees and contractors.

The internal labor force includes only full-time employees, whereas the external labor market includes only part-time employees.

The internal labor force consists of union members, whereas the external labor market consists of nonunion workers.

List the activities involved in managing cultural diversity. Which of the following are activities organizations use to manage cultural diversity? Select all that apply.

Creating an organizational culture that values diversity

Ensuring that human resource management systems are bias free

Encouraging career development for women and minorities

Promoting knowledge and acceptance of cultural differences

Eliminating flexible work arrangements to enforce uniform schedules

Define the concept of knowledge workers and explain their impact on high-performance work systems. Which factor best explains why demand for knowledge workers has increased?

Organizations require employees who contribute specialized knowledge about customers, processes, or professions to make full use of people’s knowledge and skill.

Organizations mainly seek employees willing to perform routine, narrowly defined tasks with minimal collaboration.

Employers prefer to centralize decision making and reduce employee access to information.

Advances in technology have reduced the need for employees with creativity and interpersonal skills.

According to the passage on knowledge workers, why may skilled knowledge workers be difficult and costly to replace?

They own the knowledge the company needs, have many job opportunities, and can take their knowledge to another employer.

They typically have long-term noncompete agreements that forbid them from changing jobs.

Their skills are easily documented in manuals that any new hire can quickly learn.

Managers can simply order them to share information, making replacement straightforward.

The passage notes a criticism of labeling only some employees as knowledge workers. Which statement reflects the perspective of successful organizations responding to this criticism?

Treat all workers as knowledge workers and provide wide access to information so everyone knows how their work contributes to success.

Restrict access to information to protect intellectual property and rely on managers to communicate only essential tasks.

Classify only technical staff as knowledge workers and focus training resources exclusively on them.

Reduce employees’ input into organizational performance to streamline decision making.

What is affirmative action, and how might it relate to reverse discrimination? Which definition of affirmative action is most accurate?

An organization’s active effort to find opportunities to hire or promote people in a particular group and to make reasonable accommodations where needed

A policy that prohibits all consideration of demographic characteristics in employment decisions

A government mandate that all employers use fixed quotas for hiring and promotion

A voluntary public-relations campaign that does not affect employment practices

According to the passage on affirmative action, how could certain implementations lead to reverse discrimination?

By using quotas or numerical goals that increase the proportion of minority or female candidates hired or promoted, potentially reducing the proportion of white or male candidates

By focusing recruitment on all colleges and publications without regard to audience

By eliminating training opportunities for minorities to cut costs

By prohibiting reasonable accommodations for individuals with disabilities

Martha’s boss, Bill, constantly uses sexually explicit language while communicating with his female subordinates. Although employees feared retaliation and did not complain previously, Martha files with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Under Title VII, does this behavior constitute discriminatory behavior?

Yes, because pervasive sexually explicit language can create a hostile work environment and thus constitutes unlawful sex discrimination.

No, because no employee previously filed a complaint so the conduct is not actionable.

No, because verbal conduct is never covered by Title VII unless accompanied by physical contact.

Yes, but only if Bill used explicit language outside the workplace.

Based on EEOC guidelines implementing Title VII, which of the following situations constitute sexual harassment? Select all that apply.

Submission to unwelcome sexual conduct is made explicitly or implicitly a term or condition of employment

Submission to or rejection of unwelcome sexual conduct is used as the basis for employment decisions

The conduct unreasonably interferes with work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive environment

Consensual romantic involvement between coworkers outside the workplace with no impact on employment decisions

U.S. law authorizing the federal government to establish and enforce occupational safety and health standards for all places of employment engaging in interstate commerce: choose the best term.

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act)

Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

The processing and transmission of digitized HR information, especially using computer networking and the Internet: choose the best term.

Electronic Human Resource Management (e-HRM)

Human Resource Information System (HRIS)

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

A computer system used to acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, retrieve, and distribute information related to an organization’s human resources: choose the best term.

Human Resource Information System (HRIS)

Electronic Human Resource Management (e-HRM)

Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)

An organization’s employees, described in terms of their training, experience, judgment, intelligence, relationships, and insight: choose the best term.

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Which agency of the U.S. Department of Justice is charged with enforcing Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and other antidiscrimination laws?

Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs

Human Resources I

Authored by Matthew Brajevich

Professional Development

University

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: Managers and economists traditionally have seen human resource management as a source of value to their organizations.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: The concept of "human resource management" implies that employees in an organization cannot be considered as a resource and hence are interchangeable.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: Human resources cannot be imitated.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: High-performance work systems have been essential in making organizations strong enough to weather the storm of a recession and remain profitable when the economy begins to expand after the recession.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: No two human resource departments have precisely the same roles and responsibilities.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: Knowledge workers in an organization do not work directly with customers.

True

False

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

True/False: Skilled knowledge workers generally do not have job opportunities in a slow economy.

True

False

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Human Resources I

True/False: Managers and economists traditionally have seen human resource management as a source of value to their organizations.

True/False: The concept of "human resource management" implies that employees in an organization cannot be considered as a resource and hence are interchangeable.

True/False: Human resources cannot be imitated.

True/False: High-performance work systems have been essential in making organizations strong enough to weather the storm of a recession and remain profitable when the economy begins to expand after the recession.

True/False: No two human resource departments have precisely the same roles and responsibilities.

True/False: Knowledge workers in an organization do not work directly with customers.

True/False: Skilled knowledge workers generally do not have job opportunities in a slow economy.

True/False: Successful organizations treat all their workers as knowledge workers.

True/False: The use of employee empowerment has shifted the recruiting focus away from general cognitive and interpersonal skills toward technical skills.

True/False: Teamwork gives employees the authority and ability to decide on how to do their work.

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