Introduction to Sikolohiyang Pilipino

Which best describes Sikolohiyang Pilipino as an approach to psychology?

• Clinical models emphasizing laboratory neutrality

• Universal theories detached from local context

• Indigenization from within using Filipino culture

• Quantitative focus independent of lived experience

• Adoption of American methods without change

What historical dissatisfaction helped spur Sikolohiyang Pilipino?

• Western-oriented interpretations of Filipino behavior

• Overrepresentation of rural communities only

• Dominance of biological psychiatry in Asia

• Lack of interest in psychological research

• Excessive focus on Filipino language studies

Who is most associated with initiating Sikolohiyang Pilipino in the 1970s?

• Rogelia Pe-Pua at Northwestern University

• Apolinario Mabini at the National Museum

• Elizabeth Protacio-Marcelino at UST Graduate School

• Jose Rizal at Ateneo de Manila University

• Virgilio Gaspar Enriquez at the University of the Philippines

Which outcome is explicitly linked to Sikolohiyang Pilipino?

• Elimination of qualitative fieldwork practices

• Focus exclusively on clinical psychopathology

• Replacement of Filipino with English in tests

• Standardization on Western personality scales

• Development of indigenous research methods

What does ‘indigenization from within’ primarily imply?

• Using culture-free measures for comparability

• Prioritizing universalism over specificity

• Translating Western models without critique

• Importing validated scales from foreign labs

• Theoretical frames emerge from local experiences

Which early critique targeted Western approaches to Filipino personality?

• They were overly forgiving of indirect speech

• They emphasized communal values excessively

• They relied too much on indigenous categories

• They judged Filipinos via colonizers’ perspectives

• They dismissed all quantitative procedures

Which event helped formalize Sikolohiyang Pilipino concepts in 1975?

• Philippine Sociolinguistics Roundtable

• UP Symposium on Behaviorism and Cognition

• Manila Congress on Universal Psychology

• First ASEAN Conference on Mental Health Policies

• Unang Pambansang Kumperensya sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino

Which locally developed personality test is linked to Sikolohiyang Pilipino?

• Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (PUP)

• Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised

• Big Five Inventory Short Form

• Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

• Thematic Apperception Test Standard

What central object of study did Enriquez later highlight for Sikolohiyang Pilipino?

• Diwa or psyche from a Filipino viewpoint

• Clinical symptoms in hospital settings

• Neural circuits underlying cognition

• Universal traits across all cultures

• Pure behavior without interpretation

Which statement best contrasts SP with a purely Western-oriented approach?

• SP rejects all scientific methods in human research

• SP prioritizes laboratory control above field engagement

• SP interprets behavior through Filipino language and realities

• SP assumes psychological laws are culture-free and fixed

• SP values imported theories over lived experiences