Antiemetic & Antinausea Drugs — 50 Question Exam

A nurse is preparing to apply a scopolamine patch for a patient with motion sickness. Which condition would require the nurse to question the order?

• Narrow-angle glaucoma

• Seasonal allergies

• Motion sickness history

• Chronic sinusitis

Answer explanation

Narrow-angle glaucoma is a contraindication for scopolamine patches as they can increase intraocular pressure, worsening the condition. The other options do not pose similar risks.

Which medication class works by blocking serotonin receptors in the GI tract and vomiting center?

• Antihistamines

• Serotonin blockers

• Antidopaminergics

• Neurokinin antagonists

Answer explanation

Serotonin blockers specifically target and block serotonin receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and the vomiting center, effectively reducing nausea and vomiting. This makes them the correct choice for the question.

A nurse is caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy. Which drug is most commonly used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea?

• Ondansetron

• Meclizine

• Scopolamine

• Metoclopramide

Answer explanation

Ondansetron is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist commonly used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, making it the most effective choice among the options listed.

Which drug increases gastrointestinal motility and gastric emptying?

• Promethazine

• Metoclopramide

• Meclizine

• Ondansetron

Answer explanation

Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastrointestinal motility and accelerates gastric emptying, making it the correct choice. The other options do not have this effect.

A patient receiving metoclopramide for gastroparesis develops involuntary facial movements. Which adverse effect should the nurse suspect?

• Parkinsonism

• Tardive dyskinesia

• Seizure disorder

• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer explanation

Tardive dyskinesia is a potential adverse effect of metoclopramide, characterized by involuntary facial movements. This condition arises from long-term use of dopamine antagonists, making it the most likely diagnosis in this patient.

Which drug blocks acetylcholine receptors in the vestibular system to prevent motion sickness?

• Ondansetron

• Aprepitant

• Scopolamine

• Promethazine

Answer explanation

Scopolamine is an anticholinergic drug that blocks acetylcholine receptors in the vestibular system, effectively preventing motion sickness. Other options like ondansetron and aprepitant target different pathways.

A patient taking ginger daily for nausea should be monitored for interactions with which medication?

• Acetaminophen

• Warfarin

• Calcium carbonate

• Furosemide

Answer explanation

Ginger can enhance the effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Therefore, patients taking ginger should be monitored for interactions with warfarin, unlike the other medications listed.

Which antiemetic drug class blocks dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone?

• Antidopaminergics

• Antihistamines

• Serotonin blockers

• Neurokinin antagonists

Answer explanation

Antidopaminergics are the drug class that blocks dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, effectively preventing nausea and vomiting. Other classes like antihistamines and serotonin blockers act through different mechanisms.

Which drug is most appropriate for motion sickness prevention?

• Meclizine

• Aprepitant

• Ondansetron

• Dronabinol

Answer explanation

Meclizine is an antihistamine specifically indicated for motion sickness prevention, making it the most appropriate choice. Aprepitant and ondansetron are used for nausea and vomiting, while dronabinol is for appetite stimulation.

Which medication is classified as a neurokinin receptor antagonist?

• Meclizine

• Aprepitant

• Ondansetron

• Dronabinol

Answer explanation

Aprepitant is a neurokinin receptor antagonist used primarily to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. In contrast, Meclizine is an antihistamine, Ondansetron is a 5-HT3 antagonist, and Dronabinol is a cannabinoid.