Ch 16 Quiz

How do we describe transformation in bacteria?

• the creation of a strand of RNA from a DNA molecule

• assimilation of external DNA into a cell

• the type of semiconservative replication shown by DNA

• the infection of cells by a phage DNA molecule

• the creation of a strand of DNA from an RNA molecule

In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of which of the following facts?

• DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does not.

• DNA contains sulfur, whereas protein does not.

• DNA contains purines, whereas protein includes pyrimidines.

• RNA includes ribose, whereas DNA includes deoxyribose sugars.

• DNA contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not.

Which of the following can be determined directly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA?

• the diameter of the helix

• the sequence of nucleotides

• the rate of replication

• the bond angles of the subunits

• the frequency of A vs. T nucleotides

It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in which of the following?

• phosphate-sugar backbones

• different five-carbon sugars

• sequence of bases

• side groups of nitrogenous bases

• complementary pairing of bases

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following will be found?

• A = G and C = T

• A = C

• G + C = T + A

• A + C = G + T

Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of the following reasons?

• Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

• Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.

• The rate of elongation during DNA replication is slower in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes.

• Prokaryotic chromosomes have histones, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes do not.

• Prokaryotes have telomeres, and eukaryotes do not.

What is meant by the description 'antiparallel' regarding the strands that make up DNA?

• One strand contains only purines and the other contains only pyrimidines.

• Base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands.

• The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands.

• One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.

• The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.

The difference between ATP and the nucleoside triphosphates used during DNA synthesis is that

• the nucleoside triphosphates have two phosphate groups; ATP has three phosphate groups.

• triphosphate monomers are active in the nucleoside triphosphates, but not in ATP.

• ATP is found only in human cells; the nucleoside triphosphates are found in all animal and plant cells.

• ATP contains three high-energy bonds; the nucleoside triphosphates have two.

• the nucleoside triphosphates have the sugar deoxyribose; ATP has the sugar ribose.

The leading and the lagging strands differ in that

• the leading strand is synthesized at twice the rate of the lagging strand.

• the lagging strand is synthesized continuously, whereas the leading strand is synthesized in short fragments that are ultimately stitched together.

• the leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing strand, and the lagging strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5' end.

• the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction.

Which of the following sets of materials are required by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes for replication?

• ligase, primers, nucleases

• double-stranded DNA, four kinds of dNTPs, primers, origins

• nucleosome loosening, four dNTPs, four rNTPs

• topoisomerases, telomerases, polymerases

• G-C rich regions, polymerases, chromosome nicks