while

In C, consider the behavior of a while loop when the condition involves a variable modified inside the loop body via undefined behavior (UB). Which statement is most accurate?

• A) The loop will always terminate if the condition eventually becomes false

• B) The compiler guarantees at least one evaluation of the loop condition before optimization

• C) The loop behavior becomes unpredictable, and the compiler may optimize assuming UB never occurs

• D) The loop executes exactly as written, since UB only affects runtime, not compilation

What is the output of the following code?

#include int main() {

int i = 0;

while (i++ < 3)

printf("%d ", i);

return 0;

}

• 1 2 3

• 1

• 2 3

• 0 1 2

#include int main() {

int i = 1;

while (i = 0) {

printf("Loop");

}

printf("Done");

}

• Done

• Loop Done

• Loop

• error

• 4 3 2 1 0

• 5 4 3 2 1

• 1 2 3 4 5

• 4 3 2 1

Which statement about evaluation order in while(condition) is correct?

• A) The condition is evaluated once at compile time

• B) The condition is evaluated before every iteration, including the first

• C) The condition is evaluated after the loop body executes

• D) The condition may be skipped if compiler optimizations apply

• Infinite loop printing 0

• 0 1 2 3 4 5

• Compilation error

• 3

• 4

• 0

• infinite loop

#include int main() {

int i = 3;

while (i) {

printf("%d ", i--);

}

return 0; }

• 3 2 1

• 3 2 1 0

• 2 1 0

• infinite loop

Which subtle issue can arise with while(1) loops in embedded systems?

• A) Stack overflow due to repeated condition evaluation

• B) Compiler may remove the loop entirely if it detects no side effects

• C) The loop always causes segmentation fault

• D) The loop cannot be optimized

#include int main() {

int x = 1;

while (x < 10) {

if (x % 2 == 0) continue;

printf("%d ", x);

x++;

}

return 0; }

• infinite loop

• 1 3 5 9

• 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

• 0