Understanding Contracts in Iraqi Law

What is a contract in Iraqi law?

• A verbal promise between two people

• A legal agreement between two or more parties that creates obligations

• A government document signed by officials

• A personal diary entry about a business deal

Which of the following is the correct term for a contract in Arabic legal terminology used in Iraqi law?

• وصية (Will)

• شهادة (Certificate)

• عقد (Contract)

• حكم (Judgment)

How many parties are required at minimum to form a contract under Iraqi law?

• One

• Two

• Four

• Five

Which of the following best describes an "offer" in a contract under Iraqi law?

• A rejection of terms by one party

• A proposal made by one party to another to enter into an agreement

• A court order requiring payment

• A signature on a legal document

What is the term for the agreement that follows an offer in contract formation under Iraqi law?

• Rejection

• Negotiation

• Acceptance

• Termination

Which of the following is NOT a basic element required to form a valid contract under Iraqi law?

• Offer

• Acceptance

• Subject matter

• A witness from another country

Under Iraqi law, which of the following situations best represents a valid contract being formed?

• Ali thinks about selling his bicycle but tells no one

• Sara offers to sell her book to Ahmed, and Ahmed agrees to buy it

• A teacher assigns homework to students

• A parent tells a child to clean their room

A student says, "A contract is only valid if it is written on paper." Based on Iraqi law, is this statement correct?

• Yes, all contracts must always be written

• No, some contracts can be verbal and still be valid

• Yes, verbal agreements have no legal value at all

• No, contracts are never written in Iraqi law

Which of the following examples best shows a contract with a clear subject matter under Iraqi law?

• Two friends agree to think about maybe doing something someday

• A buyer agrees to purchase a specific house from a seller for a defined price

• A person promises to be happy

• Someone says they might help a neighbor

Which of the following correctly applies the concept of mutual consent in a contract under Iraqi law?

• One party forces the other to sign the agreement

• Both parties freely and willingly agree to the terms of the contract

• A judge decides the terms for both parties

• Only one party needs to agree for the contract to be valid