Multiple Choice Questions: DNA Structure & Function

What is the primary role of DNA in living organisms?

• To store energy for cellular processes

• To store genetic information and code for proteins

• To catalyse biochemical reactions

• To transport oxygen

DNA is inherited from:

• Only the mother

• Only the father

• Both parents

• The environment

Which term best describes the overall shape of DNA?

• Single helix

• Circular loop

• Antiparallel ladder

• Double helix

The DNA molecule consists of:

• One long nucleotide strand

• Two long strands of nucleotides

• Four short strands of bases

• Paired amino acids

What does the term antiparallel mean in relation to DNA?

• The strands run in the same direction

• The strands are chemically different

• The strands run in opposite directions

• The bases face away from each other

Which direction do DNA strands run?

• 3' → 5' on both strands

• 5' → 3' on both strands

• One strand 5' → 3' and the other 3' → 5'

• Random orientations

Why is the double helix shape important?

• It allows DNA to float in the nucleus

• It prevents mutation

• It allows accurate replication and compact storage

• It strengthens hydrogen bonds

In the ladder model of DNA, what forms the sides of the ladder?

• Nitrogenous bases

• Hydrogen bonds

• Sugar-phosphate backbone

• Base pairs

What forms the rungs of the DNA ladder?

• Phosphate groups

• Sugar molecules

DNA strands twist to form a structure known as the:

• Beta sheet

• Alpha helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix