Module 16: Labeling the Cell Cycle

Which sequence correctly orders the interphase subphases in the eukaryotic cell cycle?

• S → G1 → G2

• G1 → G2 → S

• G1 → S → G2

• G2 → G1 → S

During which specific subphase does DNA replication occur, producing identical sister chromatids?

• Telophase of mitosis

• S phase of interphase

• G1 phase of interphase

• G2 phase of interphase

Which pairing matches the mitotic stage with its hallmark event?

• Metaphase – chromosomes align at equatorial plate

• Telophase – nuclear envelope dissolves again

• Anaphase – homologs pair and cross over

• Prophase – chromosomes decondense

A cell completes mitosis and cytokinesis. Which outcome best describes the two daughter cells?

• Same chromosome number, genetically varied

• Half chromosome number, genetically varied

• Same chromosome number, genetically identical

• Double chromosome number, genetically identical

Which change most directly signals the transition from G2 to mitosis?

• Completion of DNA replication and repair

• Disassembly of cytokinetic ring

• Initiation of chromosome condensation

• Appearance of homologous recombination

In the top-right diagram labeled “STAGE: Anaphase,” which labeled structure marked A represents the identical halves being pulled toward opposite poles?

• Centromeres duplicating at the metaphase plate

• Homologous chromosomes separating to opposite poles

• Chromatin fibers condensing near the nucleus

• Sister chromatids moving toward spindle poles

In the lower-left diagram labeled “STAGE: Prophase,” what is the role of the structure aligned along the dashed line marked C?

• It indicates the metaphase plate alignment point

• It forms the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis

• It duplicates the centrioles for spindle setup

• It rebuilds the nuclear envelope around DNA

In the middle-left diagram showing early mitotic events, which label B best corresponds to the spindle apparatus organizing microtubules from opposite sides?

• Chromosomes condensed inside the nucleus

• Spindle apparatus emanating from centrosomes

• Cleavage furrow forming at the cortex

• Nuclear envelope re-forming around DNA

In the middle-right diagram labeled “STAGE: Interphase,” which label H most accurately identifies the membrane enclosing the chromatin?

• Centromere linking sister chromatids together

• Nuclear envelope surrounding the nucleus

• Spindle microtubules attaching to kinetochores

• Cleavage furrow dividing the cytoplasm

In the bottom-right pair of daughter cells, which label J identifies the structure forming during late mitosis that pinches the cell into two?

• Cleavage furrow constricting the plasma membrane

• Spindle apparatus between separating poles

• Nuclear envelope dissolving into vesicles

• Centrioles initiating microtubule growth