Understanding Digestion and Immunity Quiz

What is the role of amylase in digestion?

• It breaks down proteins into amino acids

• It breaks down starch into sugars

• It breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

• It breaks down cellulose into glucose

Which organ produces bile?

• Pancreas

• Stomach

• Liver

• Small intestine

What colour change would you expect when iodine solution is added to a food sample containing starch?

• Blue-black

• Brick red

• Orange

• Colourless

Which of the following correctly describes the Benedict's test result for a food sample containing reducing sugars?

• The solution turns blue-black

• The solution turns purple

• The solution turns brick red/orange

• The solution remains blue

What are the products of lipid digestion?

• Glucose and amino acids

• Fatty acids and glycerol

• Glycogen and fatty acids

• Amino acids and glycerol

Which type of white blood cell produces antibodies as part of the immune response?

• Phagocytes

• Red blood cells

• Lymphocytes

• Platelets

A student tests a food sample using the Biuret reagent. The solution turns purple. What does this indicate?

• The sample contains starch

• The sample contains reducing sugars

• The sample contains lipids

• The sample contains protein

The small intestine is adapted for the absorption of digested food molecules. Which of the following correctly identifies two structural adaptations of villi that increase the rate of absorption?

• They have a thick wall and a large surface area

• They have a large surface area and a good blood supply

• They produce enzymes and have a large surface area

• They have a good blood supply and produce bile

Glucose moves from the small intestine into the blood by diffusion. Which condition must be maintained for this process to continue efficiently?

• The concentration of glucose in the blood must be higher than in the intestine

• A concentration gradient must be maintained, with higher glucose concentration in the intestine than in the blood

• The temperature must be above 40°C

• The intestinal wall must be thick to slow the movement of glucose

Explain why villi in the small intestine have a single layer of epithelial cells as one of their adaptations for absorption.

• A single layer of cells increases the surface area available for absorption

• A single layer of cells means substances have a short distance to diffuse, increasing the rate of absorption

• A single layer of cells produces more digestive enzymes to speed up digestion

• A single layer of cells prevents harmful substances from entering the bloodstream