A & P II Exam 3

What is the most important force driving filtration at the arterial end of a capillary?

•  Tissue fluid colloid osmotic pressure

•  Interstitial hydrostatic pressure

•  Blood colloid osmotic pressure

•  Blood hydrostatic pressure

Which of the following processes move substances across capillary walls?

• Diffusion

• Filtration

• Vesicular transport

• Reabsorption

•  All of the above are responsible for moving substances across capillary walls

Imagine a patient who loses lots of blood and therefore has less stretch of their aorta with each heartbeat. What reflex will result?

•  Baroreceptors increase firing, the cardioinhibitory center increases firing, and the heart slows significantly to prevent further bleeding

•  Baroreceptors decrease firing, the cardioacceleratory center increases firing, and cardiac output will exhibit a compensatory increase

•  Baroreceptors decrease firing, the cardioinhibitory center and vasomotor centers increase firing, the heart slows, and blood is redirected

•  Baroreceptors increase firing, the vasomotor center increases firing, and skin blood vessels will dilate to cause a compensatory increase in flow

Hypertension is commonly considered to be a chronic resting blood pressure higher than

• 140/90

• 120/75

• 180/100

• 200/90

What is the mean arterial pressure for a person with 110 and 65 mm Hg as systolic and diastolic pressure, respectively?

• 80 mm Hg
• 45 mm Hg

• 87.5 mm Hg

• 90 mm Hg

• 175  mm Hg

Which of the following does NOT contribute to venous return?

•  The difference of pressure between venules and the venae cavae

•  Widespread vasodilation

•  Contraction of skeletal muscles of the limbs

•  The expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity during ventilation

In the air we breathe, which gas is found in the highest concentration?

• Nitrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Hydrogen

• Water Vapor

How is the vital capacity calculated?

•  Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume

•  Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume

•  Respiratory volume + tidal volume

•  Inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume

•  Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

Conditions around metabolically active tissues do what to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

•  Increase the slope

•  Shift it left

•  Shift it right

•  Decrease the slope

The cardiac center of the brainstem includes the _____

•  Cardioacceleratory center, from which sympathetic pathways extend

•  Vasomotor center, from which parasympathetic pathways extend

•  Cardioinhibitory center, from which sympathetic pathways extend

•  Cardioacceleratory center, from which parasympathetic pathways extend