How Tuskegee Airmen Fought Military Segregation

Which unit carried out the collective protest known as the Freeman Field Mutiny?

• 10th Mountain Division

• 477th Bombardment Group

• 101st Airborne Division

• 332nd Fighter Group

What tactic best describes how the Tuskegee Airmen confronted segregation during the Freeman Field Mutiny?

• Armed uprising

• Legal appeal to the Supreme Court

• Nonviolent direct action

• Economic boycott of the base

Name one specific inequality between the two officers’ clubs at Freeman Field described in the passage.

Why did Colonel Robert Selway classify white officers as instructors and Black officers as trainees, according to the passage?

• To reduce base operating costs

• To justify maintaining separate clubs

• To speed up pilot training after D-Day

• To comply with a new integration order

Explain how the events at Freeman Field could influence later civil rights strategies. Use at least two pieces of evidence from the passage.

Which tactic did Coleman A. Young and fellow officers choose to challenge segregation at Freeman Field?

• Formal petition to base leadership

• Coordinated mass march to the club

• Armed confrontation at the gate

• Nonviolent entry in small groups into the white officers’ club

Base Regulation 85-2 required officers to do what in order to enforce segregation?

• Sign an oath acknowledging they fully understood the regulation

• Surrender club access cards to military police

• Relocate to racially separate barracks within 24 hours

• Attend a mandatory integration seminar

How many Black officers refused to sign Base Regulation 85-2?

• 101

• 57

• 292

• 89

Explain one reason the Army chose administrative reprimands instead of court-martials for the 101 officers. Provide evidence from the passage.

Which statement best describes the legal outcomes for the three officers connected to the “jostling” incident?

• All three were convicted and imprisoned for six months

• Only Roger “Bill” Terry was tried, and he was fully acquitted

• Two were acquitted and fined; one, Roger “Bill” Terry, received a fine and later a dishonorable discharge

• All charges were dropped with no penalties