Genetics and Reproduction Basics

What does heterozygous mean?

• A pair of genes that are the same, like two dominant genes (RR).

• A pair of genes that are different, like one dominant and one recessive gene (Rr).

• A pair of genes that are both recessive (rr).

• A single gene that has no variation.

What is asexual reproduction?

• When a parent organism produces offspring with identical genetic information.

• When two parent organisms combine their genetic material to produce offspring.

• When offspring develop from a single cell without fertilization.

• When organisms reproduce by budding or fragmentation.

What does DNA stand for?

• Deoxyribonucleic acid

• Dioxyribonucleic acid

• Deoxyribose nucleic acid

• Deoxyribonucleic base

What is sexual reproduction?

• When two parents combine their genetic information to make an offspring.

• A process where a single organism produces offspring without the involvement of another organism.

• The method by which plants produce seeds through wind pollination.

• A type of reproduction that occurs only in animals that live in water.

What is a dominant gene?

• A version of a gene that needs only one copy to produce its trait.

• A version of a gene that requires two copies to express its trait.

• A gene that is always expressed regardless of the other allele.

• A gene that has no effect on the phenotype.

What does homozygous mean?

• A pair of genes that are the same, like two dominant genes (RR) or two recessive genes (rr).

• A pair of genes that are different, like one dominant gene and one recessive gene (Rr).

• A single gene that has multiple alleles.

• A pair of genes that are both dominant but not identical.

What is a Punnett Square?

• A diagram that predicts the chances of an offspring having a trait.

• A tool used to measure genetic variation in a population.

• A chart that shows the physical characteristics of an organism.

• A method for cloning organisms in a laboratory.

What is an allele?

• A type of chromosome.

• A version of a gene.

• A form of mutation.

• A segment of DNA that codes for a protein.

What are genes?

• A section of DNA containing instructions for making a specific protein.

• Smallest unit of life that can replicate independently.

• Segments of RNA that regulate gene expression.

• Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in the body.

What is an offspring?

• A type of plant

• Babies produced by either form of reproduction.

• A method of reproduction

• An adult organism