US FINAL 2026

Which civil rights leader does the list below describe?

• Supported non-violent civil disobedience
• Leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Council
• Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize

• Cesar Chavez
• Rosa Parks
• Martin Luther King, Jr.
• W.E.B. DuBois

Read the excerpt and answer the question that follows.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
—Declaration of Independence

What is the meaning of unalienable rights?

• Rights that change over time
• Rights that cannot be taken away or denied
• Rights that only governments can provide
• Rights that cannot be defined and protected

Jim Crow laws in southern states were designed to -

• Protect the interests of southern plantation owners against northern capitalists who wanted to monopolize the cotton industry
• Promote the interests of small farmers over the interests of industrialists during the Gilded Age
• Keep formerly enslaved persons from participating in politics to preserve the pre-Civil War lifestyle of the South
• Establish government regulations on cotton monopolies that were forcing poor farmers to sell their land and become dependent workers

Read the excerpt and answer the question that follows.

In a unanimous decision, the Court held that the Equal Protection Clause required that Sweatt be admitted to the university...

How did the decision in this 1950 case benefit minorities?

• By setting a precedent for Brown v. Board of Education
• By reinforcing the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson
• By giving state governments the power to create colleges
• By allowing for the creation of religious schools

Prior to 1955, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) used a strategy of -

• Refusing to pay taxes to protest against segregation
• Litigation and lobbying attempts to fight for equality
• Civil disobedience to fight against segregation
• Sit-ins and marches to protest against Jim Crow laws

After 1955, a new wave of African American civil rights leaders employed a combined strategy of direct action and nonviolent resistance known as -

• Disenfranchisement
• Targeted refusal
• Civil disobedience
• Enablement

The name of which civil rights leader best completes the title of the graphic?

• Booker T. Washington
• Martin Luther King, Jr.
• Stokely Carmichael
• Malcolm X

Johnson's Great Society, affirmative action programs, and Title IX were all designed to -

• Improve the lives of citizens
• Provide states a way to assist citizens
• Support commerce
• Reduce spending to cut the deficit

What was the purpose of the Freedom Rides, organized by CORE and SNCC?

Select TWO correct answers.

• To protest segregated lunch counters and city bus routes in the South
• To challenge segregation on interstate buses and in bus terminals
• To transport marchers to a voting rights demonstration in Selma, Alabama
• To boycott segregated public schools by refusing to ride school buses
• To test the enforcement of Supreme Court rulings on desegregation

After the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, what became a major focus of the Civil Rights Movement?

• Promoting economic cooperation between northern and southern states
• The complete separation of Black school children from mainstream educational institutions
• The top focus became cultural expression and the identity of Black Americans represented through the arts
• Expanding the focus beyond legal equality to address economic and social disparities