Protein Synthesis: Transcription & Translation Detail

Transcription, the first step in protein synthesis , occurs in which part of the cell?

• Cytosol/cytoplasm

• Rough ER

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

What results from transcription?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• DNA

Identify the enzyme that catalyzes transcription.

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• Topoisomerase

• RNA Polymerase

What is a codon?

• A base pair in an RNA molecule that encodes for a specific amino acid

• 3 bases on the DNA that encode for a specific amino acid

• An enzyme that reads mRNA

• 3 bases on a mRNA that encodes for a specific amino acid

What is an anticodon and where would you find one?

• A mutated codon found in the DNA

• 3 base pairs complementary to the codon on a tRNA molecule

• 3 pyrimidine base pairs complementary to the codon on a tRNA molecule

• 3 purine base pairs complementary to the codon on a tRNA molecule

How does a ribosome know where to begin translation?

• It recognizes the start codon UAA on the tRNA

• It recognizes the start codon AUG on the tRNA molecule

• It recognizes the start codon AUG on the rRNA molecule

• It recognizes the start codon AUG on the mRNA molecule

What is a peptide bond?

• The bond that holds 2 bases together

• The bond between adjacent nucleotides in mRNA

• A covalent bond between 2 amino acids in a polypeptide

• A covalent bond between a phosphate group and the sugar of adjacent nucleotides

How does a ribosome know when it has reached the end of the protein recipe?

• It recognizes a stop codon

• It recognizes a stop anticodon

• It recognizes a stop codon in the tRNA

• It recognizes a stop anticodon in the tRNA

What amino acid does the codon CAA encode for?

• Glycine

• Glutamine

• Asparagine

• Proline