Exploring DNA Replication Mechanisms

What are the components of a nucleotide in DNA?

• Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

• Protein, sugar, nitrogenous base

• Lipid, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

• Carbohydrate, sugar, nitrogenous base

How many pairs of chromosomes are present in each human cell?

• 22 pairs

• 23 pairs

• 25 pairs

• 24 pairs

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?

• Primase

• Ligase

• Helicase

• Topoisomerase

What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

• Annealing an RNA primer

• Adding nucleotides to the new strand

• Joining Okazaki fragments

• Unwinding the DNA helix

Which enzyme adds nucleotides to the new DNA strand?

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase III

• Ligase

• Topoisomerase

In which direction does DNA polymerase add nucleotides?

• Random direction

• Both directions

• 3' to 5' direction

• 5' to 3' direction

What are Okazaki fragments?

• Short DNA sequences on the lagging strand

• Short RNA sequences on the lagging strand

• Short DNA sequences on the leading strand

• Short RNA sequences on the leading strand

Which enzyme replaces RNA primers with DNA nucleotides?

• Ligase

• DNA polymerase I

• Topoisomerase

• Helicase

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

• Unwinding the DNA helix

• Adding nucleotides to the new strand

• Annealing an RNA primer

• Joining Okazaki fragments

How often does DNA polymerase make an error during replication?

• Once in every hundred billion base pairs

• Once in every billion base pairs

• Once in every million base pairs

• Once in every ten billion base pairs