Exploring Mendelian Patterns in One-Trait Crosses

Who is known for discovering the principles of genetics through experiments with garden peas?

• Charles Darwin

• James Watson

• Gregor Mendel

• Louis Pasteur

What is the F1 generation in Mendel's experiments?

• The first group of plants that are bred together

• The second generation of offspring

• The generation that shows a mix of traits

• The generation that is self-fertilized

In Mendel's experiments, what did he observe in the F2 generation?

• Most plants were white, but some were purple

• Most plants were purple, but some were white

• All plants were purple

• All plants were white

What are alleles?

• Different versions of a gene that encode the same trait

• The process of cell division

• The physical appearance of an organism

• The location of a gene on a chromosome

What is a dominant allele?

• An allele that is weaker and only appears when two copies are present

• An allele that overpowers another allele and determines the trait

• An allele that is always identical

• An allele that is located on the same chromosome

What term describes the observable physical characteristics of an organism?

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Allele

• Locus

What genotype is required for a recessive trait to appear?

• Heterozygous

• Hybrid

• Homozygous dominant

• Homozygous recessive

What is a monohybrid cross?

• A cross involving multiple traits

• A cross involving two different traits

• A cross involving one trait where both parents are homozygous

• A cross involving one trait where both parents are hybrids

What is the phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross?

• 1:1

• 2:1

• 3:1

• 1:2:1

In a cross between a heterozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive parent, what is the expected genotype ratio?

• 1:2:1

• 2:1

• 3:1

• 1:1