Exploring the Mechanism of DNA Replication

DNA replication involves both strands of the double helix acting as templates. The process occurs at the replication fork, where helicase separates the strands. The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand forms Okazaki fragments. These fragments are synthesized in a backward manner and later joined. Protective proteins cover single DNA strands, and multiple Okazaki fragments may be present.

What is the structure called where new DNA strands are synthesized?

• Replication node

• Replication loop

• Replication bubble

• Replication fork

Which enzyme is responsible for separating the two DNA strands during replication?

• DNA polymerase

• Ligase

• Helicase

• Primase

What are the separated DNA strands called?

• Leading and lagging strands

• Three prime and five prime strands

• Top and bottom strands

• Forward and reverse strands

Which strand is used as a continuous template for the synthesis of the first daughter DNA helix?

• Five prime strand

• Three prime strand

• Leading strand

• Lagging strand

What is the orientation of the lagging strand?

• Five prime to three prime

• Three prime to five prime

• Top to bottom

• Left to right

What are the sections called that the lagging strand is organized into?

• Replication bubbles

• Okazaki fragments

• DNA loops

• Replication nodes

In which orientation are Okazaki fragments presented to the second DNA polymerase enzyme?

• Three prime to five prime

• Five prime to three prime

• Left to right

• Top to bottom

What happens to the finished section of the lagging strand after copying is complete?

• It is released

• It is discarded

• It is stored

• It is merged

What covers the exposed strands of single DNA?

• Ligase

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• Protective binding proteins