Exploring DNA Replication and Enzymatic Functions

Why is DNA replication necessary before cell division?

• To produce proteins

• To create more cells

• To ensure each new cell has a complete set of DNA

• To repair damaged DNA

During which stage of interphase does DNA replication occur?

• S stage

• G1 stage

• M stage

• G2 stage

What does it mean for DNA to be an antiparallel molecule?

• The two strands are complementary

• The two strands run in the same direction

• The two strands run in opposite directions

• The two strands are identical

What do the terms 5' and 3' refer to in DNA structure?

• The type of nitrogenous base

• The position of carbon atoms in the sugar molecule

• The direction of the sugar-phosphate backbone

• The number of nucleotides

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

• To add nucleotides to the new strand

• To break hydrogen bonds between base pairs

• To join Okazaki fragments

• To proofread the new DNA strand

What is a replication fork?

• A type of enzyme involved in DNA replication

• A fragment of DNA

• A structure formed by the separation of DNA strands

• A point where DNA replication starts

How are nucleotides added on the leading strand?

• In the 3' to 5' direction in fragments

• In the 5' to 3' direction continuously

• In the 5' to 3' direction in fragments

• In the 3' to 5' direction continuously

What are Okazaki fragments?

• Enzymes that join DNA fragments

• Proteins that stabilize the replication fork

• Short DNA sequences added to the leading strand

• Short DNA sequences added to the lagging strand

What enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments?

• DNA polymerase

• Primase

• Helicase

• Ligase

What does it mean for DNA to be semi-conservative?

• Each new DNA molecule has two new strands

• Each new DNA molecule has one old and one new strand

• Each new DNA molecule is identical to the original

• Each new DNA molecule has two old strands