Exploring Genetic Variation Through Mutation

What natural process leads to differences in our genes?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Mutation

• Replication

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

How many new variations does each person have that were not present in their parents?

• About 10

• About 60

• About 100

• About 30

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What term do biologists use to refer to a single base pair alteration that is common in the population?

• Mutation

• Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

• Gene duplication

• Chromosomal inversion

What is the prevalence cutoff for a genetic variation to be classified as a polymorphism?

• 0.5%

• 1%

• 0.1%

• 5%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

What disease is caused by a change in a single nucleotide in the gene for the beta chain of hemoglobin?

• Cystic fibrosis

• Tay-Sachs disease

• Sickle-cell anemia

• Huntington's disease

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What shape do red blood cells take in sickle-cell anemia?

• Oval

• Square

• Round

• Sickle-like

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What type of mutation involves the insertion or deletion of a single base, altering the reading frame of the gene?

• Silent mutation

• Point mutation

• Missense mutation

• Frameshift mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What are the groups of three nucleotides read by ribosomes called?

• Codons

• Anticodons

• Exons

• Introns

What can happen to chromosomes during mutations at the chromosomal level?

• They can only be deleted

• They can be deleted, duplicated, inverted, or translocated

• They can only be inverted

• They can only be duplicated

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the term for the variation that occurs when entire areas of chromosomes are duplicated or lost?

• Point mutation

• Frameshift mutation

• Copy number variation (CNV)

• Silent mutation