Exploring the Respiratory System in IB SEHS

The video tutorial explores the respiratory system, detailing its structures, functions, and processes. It covers the principal structures like the nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi, and alveoli, and explains the functions of conducting airways. The tutorial also delves into lung volumes and capacities, the mechanics of ventilation, and how breathing is controlled by the nervous and chemical systems. Additionally, it discusses gas exchange, the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport, and the importance of concentration gradients in this process.

What is the primary function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?

• To filter and warm the air

• To produce mucus

• To cool the air

• To absorb nutrients

What role does the diaphragm play in breathing?

• It has no role in breathing

• It contracts to increase lung volume

• It assists in exhaling only

• It contracts to decrease lung volume

What is the definition of tidal volume?

• The maximum air exhaled after maximum inhalation

• The air remaining after a forced exhalation

• The air exchanged during normal breathing

• The additional air inhaled during a deep breath

What does a spirometer measure?

• Heart rate

• Breathing rates and lung volumes

• Muscle activity

• Blood pressure

Which muscle is primarily responsible for inhalation?

• Abdominals

• Diaphragm

• Trapezius

• Intercostal muscles

What triggers the increase in breathing rate according to chemoreceptors?

• Decreased movement

• Increased oxygen levels

• Higher blood pH levels

• Lower blood pH levels

What is the role of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?

• To filter air in the lungs

• To transport oxygen in the blood

• To transport carbon dioxide only

• To produce red blood cells

How does oxygen move from the alveoli to the blood?

• Osmosis

• Passive diffusion

• Filtration

• Active transport

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli during a deep breath?

• 120 mmHg

• 46 mmHg

• 40 mmHg

• 103 mmHg

What happens when the partial pressure of gases in the alveoli and capillaries reach equilibrium?

• Blood flow stops

• Lung volume decreases

• Breathing rate increases

• Gas exchange stops