DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation Insights

This video tutorial covers the topic of DNA and its processes, focusing on nucleic acids, DNA structure, RNA types, and the central dogma of molecular biology. It explains the processes of replication, transcription, and translation, and discusses various types of mutations and their effects on genetic code. The tutorial aims to help students understand the fundamental concepts of molecular biology and prepare for related questions in their Keystone review packet.

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

• Nucleotides

• Glycoproteins

• Amino acids

• Peptides

Which molecule is known for its 'double helix' structure?

• RNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• DNA

What is the main function of mRNA?

• To replicate DNA

• To stop protein synthesis

• To start translation

• To carry DNA's message

Which enzyme is responsible for unzipping the DNA strands?

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• RNA polymerase

What is the purpose of transcription in cell processes?

• To synthesize enzymes

• To produce mRNA from DNA

• To create lipids

• To duplicate DNA

Which base is not found in DNA but is present in RNA?

• Uracil

• Adenine

• Cytosine

• Thymine

What does a codon in mRNA specify?

• A nucleotide

• A ribosome

• A sugar molecule

• An amino acid

What is the start codon in the genetic code?

• UUU

• AUG

• AAC

• GGG

What type of mutation involves the insertion or deletion of a base, causing a shift in the genetic code?

• Nonsense mutation

• Frameshift mutation

• Silent mutation

• Point mutation

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• hrRNA

• tRNA