Evolution and Organ Similarities

The video tutorial discusses the concept of evolution, a branch of biology that explains the gradual changes in organisms over millions of years, leading to the emergence of new species. It highlights the evidence of evolution through homologous and analogous organs. Homologous organs have the same basic structure but perform different functions, indicating a common ancestry, as seen in the forelimbs of humans, lizards, and frogs. Analogous organs, on the other hand, have different structures but similar functions, such as the wings of insects and birds, demonstrating evolutionary adaptation.

What is the branch of biology that answers questions about the variety of living organisms?

• Microbiology

• Genetics

• Ecology

• Evolution

How does evolution occur according to the video?

• Gradual changes over millions of years

• Instantaneous creation of new species

• Sudden changes over a few years

• No changes at all

Which of the following is NOT a source of evidence for evolution mentioned in the video?

• Homologous organs

• Analogous organs

• Genetic mutations

• Fossil records

What is a characteristic of homologous organs?

• Same basic structure, same function

• Different basic structure, different function

• Same basic structure, different function

• Different basic structure, same function

Which of the following is an example of homologous organs?

• Wings of birds and insects

• Forelimbs of humans, lizards, and frogs

• Gills of fish and lungs of mammals

• Leaves of different plant species

What do homologous forelimbs indicate about the animals that possess them?

• They are not related at all

• They have a common ancestral origin

• They evolved independently

• They have different ancestors

What is a characteristic of analogous organs?

• Same basic structure, same function

• Different basic structure, different function

• Different basic structure, same function

• Same basic structure, different function

Which of the following is an example of analogous organs?

• Roots of different plant species

• Forelimbs of humans and lizards

• Wings of birds and insects

• Gills of fish and lungs of mammals

What supports the wings of birds according to the video?

• Fold of membranes

• Scales and skin

• Skeleton, flesh, and feathers

• Cartilage and muscles