Exploring Ecological Succession at Mount St. Helens

What is the primary focus of John Bishop's research at Mount St. Helens?

• Mapping the geological features of volcanoes

• Predicting future volcanic eruptions

• Understanding how ecosystems recover after a volcanic eruption

• Studying the effects of pollution on wildlife

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What triggered the massive eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980?

• An earthquake causing the North Face to collapse

• A meteor strike

• A sudden increase in volcanic gas emissions

• Unusually heavy rainfall

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What was the landscape like immediately after the 1980 eruption?

• Lush and green with vegetation

• A barren, moon-like landscape

• Filled with rivers and lakes

• Covered in dense forest

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How did the 1980 eruption affect the surrounding forest?

• It caused minimal damage to the trees

• It resulted in widespread flooding

• It leveled the forest up to 13 miles away

• It increased wildlife diversity immediately

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What was the immediate cause of the 1980 eruption?

• Landslide due to an earthquake

• Volcanic gas pressure buildup

• Over-extraction of geothermal resources

• Sudden temperature rise in the core

Which plant was the first to grow back after the eruption?

• Mountain Ash

• Douglas Fir

• Alpine Lupin

• Sitka willow

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What role do alpine Lupin play in the recovery of the ecosystem?

• They attract wildlife back to the area

• They enrich the soil by decomposing volcanic ash

• They prevent erosion

• They provide shade for smaller plants

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What challenge does the Sitka willow face in its growth?

• Lack of sunlight

• Soil acidity

• Invasive weevils

• Excessive moisture

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What impact do weevils have on the Sitka willow?

• They pollinate the flowers

• They have no significant impact

• They enhance leaf growth

• They stunt the growth by damaging stems

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According to John Bishop, what is the long-term outlook for Mount St. Helens' ecosystem?

• It will quickly return to its pre-eruption state

• It will transform into a desert landscape

• It will remain barren and unchanged

• It will slowly become a diverse and stable forest

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