Probability Concepts and Applications

The video tutorial introduces the concepts of theoretical and estimated probability. Theoretical probability is calculated before an experiment based on its description, while estimated probability is derived from observed outcomes. Examples include calculating probabilities with chocolates and using a spinner. A master example with dice illustrates how to calculate probabilities as both a ratio and a decimal.

What is theoretical probability?

• Probability calculated before an experiment

• Probability calculated after an experiment

• Probability that cannot be calculated

• Probability based on a guess

What is another term for estimated probability?

• Empirical probability

• Random probability

• Theoretical probability

• Experimental probability

In the example with the brown paper bag, what is the probability of pulling a milk chocolate?

• 1/2

• 3/4

• 2/3

• 1/4

How many dark chocolates are in the brown paper bag example?

• 20

• 30

• 40

• 10

What is the estimated probability of spinning milk chocolate if it was spun 13 times out of 20?

• 13/20

• 7/20

• 1/2

• 3/4

What is the key difference between theoretical and estimated probability?

• Theoretical is based on guesses, estimated is based on calculations

• There is no difference

• Theoretical is calculated before the experiment, estimated is calculated after

• Theoretical is always higher than estimated

In the number cubes example, what are even number rolls considered?

• Invalid

• Wins

• Losses

• Draws

How many times were the number cubes rolled in the example?

• 48

• 36

• 24

• 12

What is the probability of a win in the number cubes example as a ratio?

• 3/4

• 5/12

• 10/24

• 1/2

What is the decimal form of the probability of a win in the number cubes example?

• 0.25

• 0.42

• 0.33

• 0.50