Understanding Absolute Zero

The video explores the concept of Absolute Zero, a temperature of -273.15°C, which is the lowest possible temperature where all kinetic energy is removed from a substance. Sir William Thomson, known as Lord Kelvin, developed the Kelvin scale to measure this. Despite efforts, reaching Absolute Zero is impossible due to quantum mechanics and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. However, scientists can get very close, leading to phenomena like superconductivity. The coldest natural place in the universe is the Boomerang Nebula at 1 Kelvin, but labs on Earth achieve even lower temperatures.

What is the temperature of Absolute Zero in Celsius?

• -50 degrees Celsius

• -100 degrees Celsius

• -273.15 degrees Celsius

• 0 degrees Celsius

Who is credited with the creation of the Kelvin scale?

• Niels Bohr

• Albert Einstein

• Sir William Thomson

• Isaac Newton

What does the Kelvin scale measure?

• The amount of electrical energy within a material

• The amount of kinetic energy within a material

• The amount of potential energy within a material

• The amount of thermal energy within a material

Why is it impossible to reach Absolute Zero according to quantum mechanics?

• Because of the conservation of energy

• Because of the laws of thermodynamics

• Because of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle

• Because particles would stop moving completely

What does Heisenberg's uncertainty principle state?

• It is impossible to know the temperature and pressure of a particle simultaneously

• It is impossible to know both the momentum and exact position of a particle simultaneously

• It is impossible to know the energy and velocity of a particle simultaneously

• It is impossible to know the mass and charge of a particle simultaneously

What happens to some substances below about thirty Kelvin?

• They become radioactive

• They become superconductive

• They become insulators

• They become magnetic

What is the significance of superconductivity?

• It allows substances to carry an electrical current with no resistance

• It allows substances to conduct heat more efficiently

• It allows substances to become magnetic

• It allows substances to emit light

What is the temperature of space due to microwave radiation from the Big Bang?

• 0 Kelvin

• 1 Kelvin

• 10 Kelvin

• 2.73 Kelvin

Where is the coldest natural place in the known universe?

• The surface of Pluto

• The center of the Milky Way

• Deep space

• The Boomerang Nebula

Where is the coldest place in the known universe?

• In deep space

• On the surface of Pluto

• In the Boomerang Nebula

• In laboratories on Earth