Mitochondrial Structure and Function

This video provides an in-depth look at the structure and function of mitochondria, often called the cellular powerhouses. It covers the unique features of the outer and inner membranes, the role of the matrix, and the processes of mitochondrial fission and fusion. The video also discusses mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, and the inheritance patterns of mitochondria, highlighting their essential roles in energy production and cellular metabolism.

What are mitochondria often referred to as?

• Genetic centers

• Cellular powerhouses

• Energy reservoirs

• Cellular factories

What is the function of porins in the outer membrane of mitochondria?

• To synthesize ATP

• To house the electron transport chain

• To protect the organelle from harmful substances

• To allow the passage of ions, metabolites, and small proteins

What is the primary role of the inner membrane's cristae?

• To protect the mitochondria

• To facilitate lipid metabolism

• To increase the surface area for ATP synthesis

• To store mitochondrial DNA

What does the inter-membrane space contain that is rich in enzymes involved in lipid metabolism?

• Matrix

• Cristae

• Inter-membrane space

• Porins

What is the central compartment of the mitochondria called?

• Cristae

• Matrix

• Outer membrane

• Inter-membrane space

What process involves the division of mitochondria into two daughter mitochondria?

• Mitochondrial fusion

• Mitochondrial fission

• Oxidative phosphorylation

• ATP synthesis

What are mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) responsible for?

• Facilitating the exchange of lipids, calcium ions, and other molecules

• Synthesizing ATP

• Breaking down fatty acids

• Storing mitochondrial DNA

How are mitochondria inherited in most organisms?

• Maternally

• Paternally

• Equally from both parents

• Randomly

What is the unique phospholipid found in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

• Phosphatidylcholine

• Sphingomyelin

• Phosphatidylserine

• Cardiolipin

Which protein complex is involved in the final step of ATP synthesis?

• Complex I

• Complex II

• Complex V

• Complex III