Advanced Higher Biology Unit 3 Quiz

The video tutorial covers scientific principles and processes, focusing on the scientific method and the null hypothesis. It explains the stages of the scientific cycle, the importance of independent confirmation, and how conflicting data is resolved. The tutorial emphasizes that science refines ideas rather than proving them, and highlights the significance of publishing findings, even negative ones, to avoid redundant research.

What is the primary purpose of the scientific method?

• To create new biases

• To prove theories as facts

• To investigate the world without bias

• To confirm existing knowledge

Which stage comes after making observations in the scientific cycle?

• Constructing a hypothesis

• Evaluating results

• Recording data

• Designing an experiment

Why is it said that science never proves anything?

• Because it avoids making conclusions

• Because it relies on empirical evidence

• Because it constantly refines ideas

• Because it only deals with facts

What does the null hypothesis propose?

• The hypothesis is always incorrect

• The hypothesis is always correct

• There is no statistically significant effect due to the experimental treatment

• There is a significant effect due to the experimental treatment

In the example of eagles and shell color, what would accepting the null hypothesis indicate?

• There is no preference for shell color

• Eagles prefer green shells

• Eagles prefer red shells

• Eagles avoid both shell colors

What should be done if an experiment's results are not reliable or valid?

• Ignore the results

• Redesign the experiment

• Publish the results immediately

• Change the hypothesis

Why is it important to publish negative findings?

• To confirm the null hypothesis

• To prevent other labs from repeating the same experiments

• To waste resources

• To avoid publishing positive results

What can conflicting data between different labs lead to?

• Abandoning the research

• Further experimentation

• Immediate acceptance of one result

• Ignoring the data

What is often the cause of discoveries that cannot be replicated?

• Large errors in design

• Small errors in initial design or analysis

• Lack of funding

• Incorrect hypotheses

How should single results that cannot be duplicated be treated?

• With suspicion

• With immediate publication

• As definitive proof

• As irrelevant