Physiological Responses to Exercise

The video explains the cardiovascular system's short-term responses to exercise, including anticipatory heart rate increase, heart rate regulation during exercise, increased cardiac output, blood pressure changes, and redirection of blood flow. It distinguishes between responses and adaptations, highlighting the physiological changes that occur to meet the demands of exercise.

What is the main difference between a response and an adaptation in the context of exercise?

• Responses are short-term changes, while adaptations are long-term.

• Responses are long-term changes, while adaptations are short-term.

• Responses involve structural changes, while adaptations do not.

• Responses occur only after exercise, while adaptations occur before.

What triggers the anticipatory increase in heart rate before exercise?

• The increase in body temperature

• The parasympathetic nervous system

• The release of dopamine

• The sympathetic nervous system and adrenaline

During exercise, what is the role of the medulla oblongata in heart rate regulation?

• It decreases heart rate by reducing oxygen supply.

• It maintains a constant heart rate regardless of exercise intensity.

• It increases heart rate by releasing adrenaline.

• It senses increased carbon dioxide and signals the heart to beat faster.

What is tachycardia?

• A condition where the heart stops beating

• A condition where the heart beats faster than normal

• A condition where the heart beats slower than normal

• A condition where the heart beats irregularly

What two factors contribute to an increase in cardiac output during exercise?

• Increased heart rate and increased stroke volume

• Increased heart rate and decreased stroke volume

• Decreased heart rate and increased stroke volume

• Decreased heart rate and decreased stroke volume

How is cardiac output measured?

• In milliliters per second

• In beats per minute

• In liters per minute

• In liters per second

What happens to blood pressure during exercise?

• It decreases significantly.

• It remains constant.

• It increases significantly.

• It fluctuates randomly.

What is the primary reason for redirecting blood flow during exercise?

• To increase blood flow to the brain

• To increase oxygen and nutrient delivery to working muscles

• To decrease blood flow to the muscles

• To decrease oxygen delivery to the heart

What is vasoconstriction?

• The increase in blood volume

• The narrowing of blood vessels

• The decrease in blood pressure

• The widening of blood vessels

Why is increased blood pressure beneficial during exercise?

• It enhances the flow of blood carrying oxygen and nutrients.

• It decreases the need for oxygen.

• It slows down the heart rate.

• It reduces the risk of injury.