Foundations of Sociology Concepts

This video tutorial introduces sociology, a relatively new science that emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries. It explores the definitions and perspectives of key sociologists like Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Peter L. Berger. Comte views sociology as a positive science, Durkheim focuses on social facts, Weber emphasizes interpretative understanding, and Berger discusses the construction of social reality. The tutorial aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of sociology's scope, including both macro and micro aspects of social life.

What is the primary focus of the first five chapters of the sociology textbook?

• Sociology as a scientific study

• Sociology and economics

• Sociology and psychology

• The history of sociology

In which centuries did sociology emerge as a scientific discipline?

• 18th and 19th centuries

• 16th and 17th centuries

• 19th and 20th centuries

• 17th and 18th centuries

What does the term 'sociology' etymologically mean?

• Study of individual behavior

• Science of society

• Art of communication

• Philosophy of life

According to Comte, sociology is a positive science because it studies:

• Imaginary concepts

• Speculative ideas

• Empirical realities

• Philosophical theories

Durkheim's concept of 'social facts' refers to:

• Internal emotions

• External societal norms

• Individual thoughts

• Personal beliefs

Max Weber emphasized the importance of understanding social actions through:

• Historical context

• Statistical data

• Interpretative analysis

• Empirical observation

Peter L. Berger views sociology as a study of the relationship between:

• Economy and politics

• Individual and society

• Culture and religion

• Science and technology

Which characteristic of sociology refers to its reliance on concrete experiences?

• Empirical

• Theoretical

• Cumulative

• Value-free

What does it mean for sociology to be 'cumulative'?

• It focuses on individual experiences

• It disregards historical context

• It builds on previous knowledge

• It is based on personal opinions

A value-free approach in sociology means studying phenomena:

• With emotional involvement

• With personal bias

• As they should be

• As they are