California's History and Mexican Independence

In the early 1800s, California was part of Mexico, a Spanish colony. Many Mexicans sought independence for various reasons, including unfair treatment by the Spanish. Wealthy landowners feared Spain's democratic shift and funded an army to fight for independence, leading to the Mexican War for Independence. By 1821, Mexico became independent, gaining control over Alta California, a large territory. Alta California included present-day California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona. The area remained under Mexican control until it became part of the United States over 20 years later. Mexican independence is celebrated on September 16th, marking Father Miguel Hidalgo's call for freedom in 1810.

In the early 1800s, what was the political status of California?

• An independent nation

• A part of Mexico, a Spanish colony

• A British colony

• A territory of the United States

Why did some colonists want independence from Spain?

• To treat California Indians fairly

• To join the United States

• To establish a monarchy

• To increase trade with Europe

What was a concern for Mexico's wealthy landowners regarding Spain's government?

• It was promoting religious freedom

• It was reducing military presence

• It was increasing taxes

• It was becoming more democratic

What role did wealthy landowners play in the Mexican War for Independence?

• They remained neutral

• They opposed the war

• They sought help from the United States

• They funded an army against Spain

When did the Mexican War for Independence end?

• 1810

• 1836

• 1848

• 1821

What is a territory?

• A fully independent country

• A state within a country

• A city with its own government

• A geographic area with some independence

Which present-day states were part of Alta California?

• California, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming

• California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona

• California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho

• Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Nevada

How long did it take for Alta California to become part of the United States?

• 10 years

• 40 years

• 20 years

• 30 years

When is the anniversary of Mexican independence celebrated?

• May 5th

• October 12th

• July 4th

• September 16th

Who demanded the end of Spanish rule in Mexico in 1810?

• Father Miguel Hidalgo

• Simón Bolívar

• Benito Juárez

• José de San Martín