What are valence electrons?

• Electrons in the nucleus of an atom

• Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom

• Electrons that are lost during chemical reactions

• Electrons that do not participate in bonding

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which of the following statements is true about the number of valence electrons?

• It determines an atom's mass

• It determines an atom's personality

• It has no significance in chemical reactions

• It is always equal to the atomic number

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NGSS.MS-PS1-5

How can you determine the number of valence electrons in an atom?

• By counting the total electrons in the atom

• By using the periodic table and counting across the groups

• By examining the atom's nucleus

• By calculating the atom's atomic weight

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Silicon (Si) has how many valence electrons?

• 2

• 4

• 6

• 8

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

What is the "magic number" of valence electrons that makes an atom stable?

• Two

• Four

• Six

• Eight

What happens to atoms that do not have eight valence electrons?

• They become inert

• They are stable and do not react

• They are unhappy and seek to bond with other atoms

• They lose all their electrons

What effect does the number of valence electrons have on an atom's stability?

• More valence electrons always make an atom unstable

• Fewer valence electrons make an atom more stable

• Atoms with eight valence electrons are stable

• Atoms with no valence electrons are stable

Which group on the periodic table typically contains atoms with eight valence electrons?

• Alkali metals

• Transition metals

• Noble gases

• Halogens

Which of the following elements has only two valence electrons but is still stable?

• Helium

• Neon

• Argon

• Xenon

What phenomenon occurs when lithium is placed in water?

• It dissolves without any reaction

• It causes a small fizzing

• It explodes

• It turns into a gas

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2