Instant Runoff Voting Analysis

This lesson explains the monotonicity criterion in voting, which ensures that increasing preference for a candidate should not harm their chances of winning. The video uses an example of instant runoff voting to demonstrate how this criterion can be violated. Initially, candidate A wins, but after some voters change their preference to favor A, candidate C wins instead, illustrating a violation of the monotonicity criterion. The lesson concludes by emphasizing the importance of being aware of such issues when using instant runoff voting.

What is the primary focus of the lesson on the Monotonicity Criterion?

• To explore different voting systems

• To define and examine the Monotonicity Criterion

• To discuss the history of voting

• To analyze the role of technology in elections

What does the Monotonicity Criterion ensure in a voting system?

• That the election is held on a public holiday

• That all candidates have equal media coverage

• That changing votes to favor a candidate should not harm their chances

• That the candidate with the most money wins

In the example election, which candidate is eliminated first using Instant Runoff Voting?

• Candidate C

• Candidate B

• Candidate A

• All candidates are eliminated simultaneously

How many first-choice votes did Candidate A have after Candidate C was eliminated?

• 54 votes

• 128 votes

• 74 votes

• 72 votes

What change occurs in the new election scenario?

• Candidate A withdraws from the election

• A new candidate enters the race

• The election is postponed

• 19 voters change their preference from B to A

What is the outcome for Candidate A after the voters change their preferences in the new election?

• Candidate A is disqualified

• Candidate A ties with Candidate B

• Candidate A loses the election

• Candidate A wins with a larger majority

What percentage of votes does Candidate C have in the new election scenario?

• 51%

• 55%

• 64%

• 49%

What does the violation of the Monotonicity Criterion in the new election scenario illustrate?

• That Instant Runoff Voting always violates the criterion

• That changing votes can sometimes lead to unexpected outcomes

• That the election was rigged

• That the criterion is irrelevant

What should be considered when using Instant Runoff Voting according to the conclusion?

• The weather on election day

• The cost of the election

• The potential for Monotonicity Criterion violations

• The number of candidates

What is the main takeaway from the lesson on the Monotonicity Criterion?

• That elections should be held more frequently

• That fairness criteria are crucial in evaluating voting methods

• That Instant Runoff Voting is the best method

• That all voting systems are flawed