Understanding the Immune System

The immune system's primary role is to prevent diseases caused by various pathogens like bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. It consists of a network of cells and tissues that protect the body, especially at interfaces with the environment. When the skin barrier is breached, immune cells like macrophages and neutrophils act as the first line of defense, part of the innate immune system. If the threat persists, the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells, is activated to produce antibodies and remember the infection for faster response in the future. Ongoing research aims to deepen our understanding and improve vaccine development.

What is the primary function of the immune system?

• To regulate body temperature

• To prevent disease development

• To digest food

• To produce hormones

Which of the following is NOT a type of pathogen mentioned?

• Bacteria

• Fungi

• Viruses

• Algae

What role does the skin play in the immune system?

• It signals the brain about infections

• It digests pathogens

• It produces antibodies

• It acts as a barrier to prevent pathogen entry

What process do macrophages use to destroy bacteria?

• Phagocytosis

• Photosynthesis

• Osmosis

• Mitosis

Which cells are part of the innate immune system?

• T-cells

• Macrophages and neutrophils

• Red blood cells

• B-cells

What happens if the innate immune system cannot control an infection?

• The infection spreads uncontrollably

• Lymphocytes from the adaptive immune system are recruited

• The infection is left untreated

• The body produces more skin cells

What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?

• To regulate body temperature

• To digest food

• To produce hormones

• To clear infections

How do T-cells and B-cells contribute to immunity?

• They produce skin cells

• They regulate blood pressure

• They remember past infections for faster future responses

• They digest pathogens

What is the focus of ongoing research in immunology?

• Studying the digestive system

• Creating new skin care products

• Understanding the immune system for better vaccines

• Developing new antibiotics

Why is it important to understand the immune system better?

• To develop new and better vaccines

• To increase agricultural yield

• To improve weather forecasting

• To enhance computer technology