Understanding Protein Synthesis

The video tutorial by the Amoeba Sisters explores how DNA codes for traits through protein synthesis. It explains the processes of transcription and translation, where DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, and then translated into proteins in the ribosome. The video highlights the importance of codons, which are triplets of bases, and how mutations can affect protein synthesis. It encourages interactive learning through resources like the PBS DNA Workshop.

What is the primary role of DNA in determining traits like eye color?

• It directly colors the eyes.

• It codes for proteins that produce pigments.

• It determines the size of the eyes.

• It changes the shape of the eyes.

What is the first step in protein synthesis?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Mutation

Where does mRNA go after it is synthesized?

• To the mitochondria

• To the ribosome

• To the nucleus

• To the cell membrane

What is the role of tRNA during translation?

• It transcribes DNA into RNA.

• It forms the ribosome structure.

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It synthesizes DNA.

What type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein?

• Peptide bond

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

How are codons read on the mRNA strand?

• In triplets

• One letter at a time

• In groups of four

• In pairs of two

What is a potential consequence of a mutation that removes one base from the mRNA sequence?

• It has no effect.

• It enhances protein function.

• It disrupts the reading frame.

• It doubles the protein size.

What is a codon?

• A single base

• A pair of bases

• Four bases

• Three bases

Why is it beneficial to engage in activities related to protein synthesis?

• To avoid learning the process

• To visualize and understand the process better

• To memorize the process

• To make the process more complex

What resource is recommended for learning about protein synthesis?

• National Geographic

• Discovery Channel

• BBC Learning

• PBS DNA Workshop