Understanding Diamonds

Diamonds are carbon atoms bonded in tetrahedrons, making them the hardest natural mineral. They form under extreme conditions deep within the Earth and are brought to the surface by volcanic eruptions. The origin of the carbon in diamonds is uncertain, with theories suggesting deep mantle sediments or subducting tectonic plates. Synthetic diamonds, made in labs, offer a flawless and environmentally friendly alternative. Despite their origin, all diamonds share the same mineral structure.

What is the chemical structure of a diamond?

• A matrix of hydrogen atoms

• A network of carbon atoms in tetrahedrons

• A cluster of nitrogen atoms

• A lattice of silicon atoms

Why are diamonds considered the hardest natural mineral?

• Due to their metallic bonds

• Because they are made of silicon

• Due to their tetrahedral crystal structure

• Because of their high density

Where are most natural diamonds believed to have formed?

• In the Earth's crust

• On the surface of the Earth

• In the ocean

• Deep within the Earth's mantle

What would happen if diamonds rose to the surface too slowly?

• They would remain unchanged

• They would become larger

• They would melt

• They would turn into graphite

What is one theory about the origin of carbon in diamonds?

• It comes from coal

• It is derived from atmospheric carbon dioxide

• It originates from carbon-containing sediment deep in the mantle

• It is formed from volcanic ash

Why is the idea that diamonds come from coal mostly incorrect?

• Coal is found deeper than diamonds

• Coal is a form of inorganic carbon

• Coal forms in sedimentary rock layers closer to the surface

• Coal is not carbon-based

What is the process called that creates synthetic diamonds in a lab?

• Synthetic layering

• Diamond crystallization

• Chemical vapor deposition

• Carbon fusion

What is a benefit of lab-made diamonds compared to natural ones?

• They are heavier

• They are more colorful

• They are generally flawless

• They are always larger

How do synthetic diamonds impact the environment compared to natural diamonds?

• They have less of an environmental impact

• They have no environmental impact

• They have the same environmental impact

• They have a greater environmental impact

What is the main similarity between natural and synthetic diamonds?

• They are formed in the same way

• They are both made of carbon

• They have different chemical compositions

• They have different hardness levels