Understanding Atomic Structure

This video tutorial explains how to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms and ions, using sodium as an example. It covers the concepts of atomic number, mass number, and isotopes, and provides formulas for calculating atomic particles. The tutorial includes examples with sodium, aluminum, and silicon, and concludes with a challenge problem to identify an unknown element using given atomic data.

What is the atomic number of sodium?

• 23

• 24

• 11

• 22.99

Which number represents the mass number in an isotope?

• The smaller number

• The larger number

• The number on the bottom

• The number on the top

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

• Atomic number minus mass number

• Mass number plus atomic number

• Mass number minus atomic number

• Atomic number plus charge

For a neutral atom, how do the number of protons and electrons compare?

• It depends on the element

• Electrons are more

• Protons are more

• They are equal

In a positively charged ion, how does the number of electrons compare to protons?

• Depends on the charge

• More protons

• Equal

• More electrons

What is the atomic number of silicon?

• 18

• 16

• 14

• 12

How many electrons are in a sulfide ion with a charge of -2?

• 20

• 14

• 16

• 18

What is the charge of an ion with 18 electrons and an atomic number of 16?

• -2

• +2

• -1

• 0

If an element has 26 neutrons and 18 electrons with a +4 charge, what is its atomic number?

• 26

• 22

• 18

• 30

Which element corresponds to an atomic number of 22?

• Iron

• Titanium

• Copper

• Zinc