GABA Shunt or GABA Catabolism

The video tutorial explores the synthesis and degradation of GABA, a neurotransmitter. It covers the conversion of glutamate to GABA via glutamate decarboxylase, the transamination of GABA to succinate semi-aldehyde, and the subsequent conversion to succinate. The process, known as the GABA shunt, integrates into the TCA cycle, allowing energy production. The tutorial emphasizes the importance of both synthesis and degradation pathways for neurotransmitters.

Why is it important to have both synthetic and catabolic pathways for neurotransmitters?

• To ensure neurotransmitters are always available

• To prevent neurotransmitter accumulation and terminate responses

• To increase the speed of neurotransmitter action

• To enhance neurotransmitter synthesis

What enzyme is responsible for converting glutamate to GABA?

• GABA transaminase

• Glutamate dehydrogenase

• Acetyl cholinesterase

• Glutamate decarboxylase

What cofactor is required by glutamate decarboxylase for the synthesis of GABA?

• NADH

• FADH2

• Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)

• Coenzyme A

What is the primary product formed when GABA is transaminated?

• Alpha-ketoglutarate

• L-glutamate

• Fumarate

• Succinate

What is the role of alpha-ketoglutarate in the transamination of GABA?

• It is converted into succinate

• It acts as a substrate for GABA synthesis

• It is reduced to NADH

• It accepts an amine group from GABA

What enzyme converts succinate semi-aldehyde to succinate?

• Succinate dehydrogenase

• Succinate semi-aldehyde dehydrogenase

• Fumarate hydratase

• Malate dehydrogenase

What is the significance of the GABA shunt in cellular metabolism?

• It produces neurotransmitters

• It generates energy by feeding into the TCA cycle

• It synthesizes amino acids

• It detoxifies harmful substances