Ketone Body Catabolism

The video explores the biosynthesis and catabolism of ketone bodies, primarily produced by the liver. It discusses their role in energy production, especially in diabetic conditions where glucose is scarce. The catabolic pathway involves enzymes like beta hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and thiophorase, leading to the production of acetyl CoA and NADH, which fuel the TCA cycle. The liver, although a producer, cannot catabolize ketone bodies due to the absence of specific enzymes.

Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of ketone bodies?

• Pancreas

• Heart

• Kidneys

• Liver

What condition leads to the increased use of ketone bodies as an energy source?

• High protein diet

• Excess glucose

• Abundant insulin

• Lack of glucose

Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of beta-hydroxybutyrate during ketone body catabolism?

• Thiophorase

• Beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

• Citrate synthase

• Succinyl CoA synthetase

What molecule is used by thiophorase in the catabolism of acetoacetate?

• Acetyl CoA

• Succinyl CoA

• NADH

• GTP

Which enzyme is absent in the liver, preventing it from catabolizing ketone bodies?

• Succinyl CoA synthetase

• Citrate synthase

• Thiophorase

• Beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

What are the end products of ketone body catabolism that enter the TCA cycle?

• Acetone and succinate

• Beta-hydroxybutyrate and GTP

• Acetyl CoA and NADH

• Acetoacetate and NADH

In diabetic conditions, which ketone body is produced in large amounts?

• Acetoacetate

• Succinyl CoA

• Acetone

• Beta-hydroxybutyrate