Monosaccharide-Linking Reactions (with UTP)

The video tutorial explains the strategies cells use to build complex carbohydrates from simple sugars. It covers the phosphorylation of monosaccharides, the uridylation process, and the creation of disaccharides. The tutorial also discusses the synthesis of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, highlighting the role of carbohydrates in protein function.

What is the simplest form of carbohydrates?

• Polysaccharides

• Disaccharides

• Monosaccharides

• Trisaccharides

What enzyme is responsible for phosphorylating a monosaccharide?

• Transferase

• Kinase

• Ligase

• Isomerase

What is transferred during the uridylation process?

• A molecule of ADP

• A molecule of ATP

• A molecule of UMP

• A molecule of GTP

Why is a UDP monosaccharide considered an activated sugar?

• It is a fantastic leaving group

• It is highly stable

• It is a poor leaving group

• It has a low energy state

What type of reaction forms a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

• Hydrolysis

• Reduction

• Condensation

• Oxidation

What is the role of UDP in the formation of disaccharides?

• It serves as a leaving group

• It provides energy

• It acts as a catalyst

• It stabilizes the reaction

What is a glycoprotein?

• A lipid with a protein chain

• A carbohydrate with a protein chain

• A protein with a lipid chain

• A protein with a carbohydrate chain

What is the difference between a glycoprotein and a proteoglycan?

• Glycoproteins have more carbohydrate content

• Proteoglycans have more protein content

• Glycoproteins have more protein content

• Proteoglycans have more carbohydrate content

Which amino acids are typically involved in linking carbohydrates to proteins?

• Glycine and Alanine

• Serine and Asparagine

• Lysine and Arginine

• Valine and Leucine

What is an example of a protein that has a carbohydrate moiety?

• Hormones

• Antibodies

• Enzymes

• Receptors