Explainer: How COVID-19 can damage the brain

The video discusses the neurological complications experienced by one-third of COVID-19 patients, as reported by Northwestern Medicine. It explores two mechanisms: the virus crossing the blood-brain barrier and inflammation in brain barrier cells. Studies show even mild COVID-19 cases can lead to cognitive decline and brain shrinkage.

What fraction of people who had COVID-19 experienced neurological issues?

• 2/3

• 1/2

• 1/3

• 1/4

What is one of the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 affects the brain?

• It causes blood clots in the brain.

• It directly infects neurons.

• It crosses the blood-brain barrier.

• It increases blood pressure.

What role does the blood-brain barrier play in the central nervous system?

• It only allows ions to pass through.

• It regulates the movement of molecules and cells.

• It prevents any molecules from entering the brain.

• It allows all molecules to pass freely.

What happens to the brain barrier cells of the choroid plexus during COVID-19?

• They multiply rapidly.

• They shrink in size.

• They become inflamed.

• They become less permeable.

What cognitive effects were observed in people with mild COVID-19 infections?

• Cognitive decline and brain shrinkage

• Enhanced problem-solving skills

• Increased focus

• Improved memory